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Little  Folks' 

Handy  Book 


6911 


Little  Folks' 


Handy  Book 


By 
UNA  BEARD  AND  ADELIA  B.  BEARD 


With  Many  Illustrations 
by  the  Authors 


■>    i-J  -i  >>  3  )3 


,       >  J  5     »  3  )       J    ,  '        ■■         )         i        >  >      3       )  >      ) 

>  :  .J  .  '   '      '       '      ,    •    '     •  •  '  '',    .J .  '"    ' 


NEW  YORK 

Charles   Scnbner's   Sons 
1912 


Copyright,  iqio,  bv 
CHARLES  SCRIBNER'S  SONS 


SPECIAL  NOTICE 
All  the  material  in  this  book,  both  text  and  cuts,  is  original  with  the 
authors  and  invented  by  them;  and  warning  is  hereby  given  that  the 
unauthorized  printing  of  any  portion  of  the  text  and  the  reproduc- 
tion of  any  of  the  illustrations  or  diagrams  are  expressly  forbidden. 


.••      * ^  *••  • 


.  •  •  .    .. 


PREFACE 

"Let  me  do  it.  Let  me  make  it,"  is  the  cry  when  a  child 
sees  an  older  person  putting  together  the  different  parts  of 
an  interesting  piece  of  work;  and  it  is  this  desire  to  do 
things  himself,  this  impulse  toward  self-expression,  that, 
when  properly  directed,  forms  so  great  a  factor  in  his  all- 
around  development  and  education.  Using  the  hands  and 
brain  together  stimulates  interest  and  quickens  observation 
and  intelligence,  and,  as  the  object  takes  form  beneath  the 
little  fingers,  the  act  of  making,  of  creating,  brings  with  it  a 
delight  and  satisfaction  which  the  mere  possession  of  the 
same  thing  made  by  another  can  not  give.  "Look!  See 
what  /  have  made,"  comes  with  a  ring  of  triumph  as  the 
childish  hands  gleefully  hold  up  the  finished  article  for 
inspection. 

In  this  book  we  have  endeavored  to  open  a  new  and 
large  field  of  simple  handicrafts  for  little  folk,  giving  them 
an  original  line  of  toys  and  a  new  line  of  materials  with 
which  to  make  them.  We  hope  in  these  pages  to  bring  to 
children  the  joy  of  making  creditable  and  instructive  toys 
of  such  ordinary  things  as  empty  spools,  sticks  of  kindling 
wood,  wooden  clothespins,  natural  twigs,  old  envelopes  and 
newspapers,  and  in  this  way  to  encourage  resourcefulness, 


vi  Preface 

originality,  inventiveness,  and  the  power  to  do  with  supplies 
at  hand. 

Even'thing  described  in  the  book  has  been  actually  made 
by  the  authors,  and  made  by  such  practical  and  simple 
methods  that  a  child's  mind  can  grasp  them,  and  a  child's 
hands  be  easily  trained  to  manufacture  the  articles.  It  is, 
therefore,  our  hope  that  the  "Little  Folks'  Handy  Book" 
will  be  found  useful  both  in  Findergarten  and  Primarv 
grades  of  the  schools  and  in  the  home  nurser\';  a  helpful 
friend  to  teachers  and  to  mothers. 

LiNA  Be.\rd. 
Adelia  B.  Beard. 

FirsmNG,  X.  Y.,  February  lo,  1910. 


CONTENTS 

CHAPTER  TAGE 

I.  Paper  Building  Cards i 

II.  Toys  Made  of  Common  Wooden  Berry-Baskets    .    .      5 

III.  Straw  and  Paper  Furniture 9 

IV.  A  Newspaper  Bo.a.t  which  Will  Sail  on  Real  Water     15 
V.  Paper  Jewelry 19 

VI.  What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools 28 

VII.  Old  En\-elope  Toys  .a.nd  How  to  Make  Them.     .     .    47 

\TII.  Toys  of  Clothespins 55 

IX.  SCRAP-BoOKS 64 

X.  Toys  Made  of  Common  Kindling  Wood 70 

XL  Little  Twig  People 79 

XII.  Visiting-Card  Houses 90 

XIII.  Playing  Indla.ns  with  Costumes  Made  of  Newspapers   98 

XIV.  Christmas-Tree  Decorations 106 

XV.  A  Ho  ME -Made  Santa  Claus 124 

XM.  Nature  Study  with  Tissut:-Paper 130 


LITTLE  FOLKS'  HANDY  BOOK 


CHAPTER  I 


PAPER   BUILDING   CARDS 


Make  your  building  cards  of  ordinary  writing-paper. 
You  may  have  as  many  cards  as  you  like,  though  twelve  are 
all  that  are  used  to  make  the  things  shown  in  our  photographs. 

For  each  card  cut  an  oblong  of  paper  five  inches  long  and 
two  and"  a  half  inches  wide.     This  is  a  very  good  size,  but  you 


Fig.  1 — Cut  an  oblong  out  like  tliis. 


Fig.  2 — This  is  tlie  building  card. 


can  make  them  a  little  larger  or  smaller.  Always  remember, 
however,  to  have  them  just  twice  as  long  as  they  are  wide,  and 
all  of  one  size.  When  you  have  cut  out  the  oblong  (Fig.  i) 
fold  it  through  the  middle,  bringing  the  two  short  edges  evenly 
together.  The  dotted  line  in  Fig.  i  shows  where  it  is  to  be 
folded.  Now  open  the  oblong  half-way  and  you  will  have 
the  building  card  (Fig.  2).  They  are  very  simple  and  easy 
to  make,  aren't  they?    But  wonderful  and  delightful  things 


2 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


can  be  built  with  these  pieces  of  paper.  You  can  have  a 
whole  camp  of  little  tents  by  standing  the  cards  with  the 
folded  edge  up;  and  to  make 

A  Camp  Chair 

all  you  need  do  is  to  push  two  of  your  tents  close  together, 
then  on  top  of  their  folded  edges  lay  another  card  with  one 


Fig.  3— You  can  make  a  little  camp  chair.         Fig.  4— Use  the  tents  to  make  this  pyramid. 

flat  side  down  to  form  the  seat  and  the  other  side  up  for  the 
back. 

The  second  illustration  (Fig.  3)  shows  just  how  to  do  this. 
Use  the  tents  again  for 


The  Pyramid 

in  Fig.  4.  Stand  three  tents  in  a  row  close  together.  On  top 
of  these  make  a  floor  by  laying  two  cards  across  with  one  side 
of  each  card  extending  down  at  the  back  of  the  tents.  Then 
build  a  second  story— two  tents  this  time,  with  a  floor  on  top. 
The  third  and  top  story  will  be  one  tent,  which  forms  the 


Paper  Building  Cards  3 

peak  of  the  pyramid.  Of  course  you  can  make  your  pyramid 
very  much  larger  by  adding  more  tents  to  the  first  row  and 
then  building  it  up  higher. 

The  Stable 

is  very  cunning  with  its  four  little  stalls.  To  build  it  you 
must  stand  the  cards  on  their  side  edges  as  in  Fig.  2.     One 


Fig.  5 — A  little  stable  with  four  little  stalls. 

side  forms  the  back  wall  of  the  stall,  the  other  the  side  wall. 
When  you  have  reached  the  end  of  the  row  you  will  find  the 
last  stall  lacks  a  side  wall,  but  all  you  have  to  do  is  to  slide 
another  back  wall  behind  the  last  and  there  you  have  the 
needed  side  wall.  Put  a  roof  over  the  stalls  just  as  you  made 
the  floors  for  your  pyramid,  and  then  stand  a  tent  on  top  for 
the  cupola.  Place  a  card  at  each  end  of  the  stalls,  as  shown 
in  the  illustration,  and  your  stable  is  ready  for  its  tiny  horses. 
Build 

The  Garden  Wall 

(Fig.  6)  by  standing  the  cards  on  their  side  edges.     You  can 
make  the  garden  any  size  or  shape  you  like,  but  always  have 


4  Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 

the  gateway  just  wide  enough  to  hold  the  tent  roof  on  top. 
See  how  the  cards  stand  with  edges  in  on  either  side  of  the 


Fig.  6 — A  garden  wall  and  gateway. 


opening.  This  will  support  the  tent-shaped  roof.  Perhaps 
the  children  will  want  a  house  in  the  garden.  You  can  build 
one  if  you  try.  Then  see  how  many  more  things  can  be 
made  of  the  paper  cards,  for  I  have  not  told  you  half  of  them. 


CHAPTER  II 

TOYS   MADE   OF    COMMON   WOODEN   BERRY-BASKETS 

Use  a  one-quart  wooden  berry-box  for  the  china  closet 
(Fig.  7).  Turn  the  empty  box  facing  you,  and  slide  the 
prongs  of  a  clothespin  up  through  the  open  crack  at  the 
lower  right  hand  of  the  box.  Allow  one  prong  of  the  clothes- 
pin to  come  on  the  outside  and  the  other  prong  on  the  inside 


Fig.  7 — The  terry-basket  china  closet. 


Fig.  8 — Slide  clothespins  on  the  basket 
for  legs. 


of  the  thin  wooden  side  of  the  box;  adjust  the  clothespin  well 
to  the  front  edge  of  the  box,  and  it  will  form  the  right-hand 
front  leg  of  the  china  closet.  Add  another  leg  in  like  manner 
on  the  same  side  of  the  box  for  the  back  leg;  then  slide  two 
more  clothespins  up  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  box  to  form 
the  remaining  two  legs  (Fig.  8). 

The  prongs  of  the  clothespins  do  not  reach  up  to  the  top 
of  the  inside  of  the  box,  but  leave  sufficient  space  for  a  shelf. 

5 


0 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


Make  the  shelf  by  laying  a  clothespin  across  from  side  to 
side,  supported  by  the  prongs  of  the  back  legs,  and  another 
across,  supported  by  the  prongs  of  the  front  legs  (Fig.  8). 
The  clothespin  used  for  the  front  of  the  shelf  will  probably 
have  to  be  a  trifle  longer  than  that  for  the  back,  as  the  box 
is  wider  in  front  than  at  the  back.  Set  some  toy  dishes  on 
the  top,  the  shelf,  and  the  inside  bottom  of  the  china  closet, 
as  in  Fig.  7. 

With  another  quart  berry-box  and  four  more  clothespins 
make  the 

Doll's  Table 

Slide  the  prongs  of  a  clothespin  down  on  either  side  of  the 
box  at  the  four  corners  (Fig.  9) ,  then  turn  the  table  right  side 


Fig.  9 — Slide  the  prongs  of  the  clothespins 
down  on  the  sides  of  the  box. 


Fig.  10 — Make  the  doll's  table. 


up,  placing  it  on  its  feet.     Set  the  table  with  toy  dishes,  and 
dinner  will  be  ready  (Fig.  10). 

The  table  can  be  turned  into  a  dressing-case  by  standing 
two  clothespins  on  their  heads  at  each  side  of  the  back  of  the 
top  of  the  table,  and  sliding  a  piece  of  stiff  paper  across  from 
clothespin  to  clothespin  between  the  prongs  for  a  mirror 


Common  Wooden  Berry-Basket  Toys  7 

(Fig.  ii).  Of  course,  the  addition  of  a  fringed  white  paper, 
or  cloth  scarf,  over  the  top  of  the  dressing-case  would  enhance 
its  appearance,  as  would  also  a  table-cloth  over  the  top  of 
the  dinner  table,  but  the  covers  were  purposely  omitted  in 
the  photographs  that  one  may  see  exactly  how  the  articles 
were  made. 
Make  a 

Dolly's  Bassinet 

(Fig.  12)  of  a  small  oblong  berry-ba&ket  with  four  clothespin 
legs  slanting  outward  at  the  bottom  and  the  prongs  of  the  legs 


Fig.  11 — The  table  can  be  turned 
into  a  dressing-case. 


Fig.  12 — A  perfect  little  bassinet. 


on  each  side  brought  together  at  the  top  (Fig.  13).  On  the 
centre  of  one  end  of  the  basket  slide  down  the  prongs  of  a 
fifth  clothespin  to  form  the  upright  for  holding  drapery  (Fig. 
13).  When  adjusted,  fold  a  lady's  handkerchief  diagonally 
through  the  centre  and  hang  it  over  the  support,  as  in  Fig.  12. 
The  bassinet  will  then  be  ready  for  a  folded  handkerchief  as 
bedding  and  a  litUe  baby  doll. 
A  comical  little  berry-basket 


8 


Little  Folks"  Handy  Booh 


"  Bow-wow  " 

(Fig.  14)  can  be  made  by  using  a  two-quart  basket  for  the 
body,  the  bassinet  basket  for  a  head,  and  clothespins  for 
ears,  tail,  and  legs      Fasten  the  legs  on  the  body  so  that  the 


Fig.  13 — The  bassinet  without  the  drapery.        Fig.  14 — A  comical  berry-basket  "  bow-wow. 

front  legs  will  slant  forward  and  the  back  legs  backward,  that 
the  dog  may  appear  to  be  running  (Fig.  15);  slide  a  clothes- 
pin on  the  end  of  the  basket  for  a  tail;  then  fasten  two 
clothespins  slanting  backward,  on  the  small  basket  for  car^ 


Fig.  15 — Put  the  legs  on  slantingly. 


Fig.  16 — The  berry-basket  wagon  with 
clothespin  horses. 


set  the  small  basket  on  the  front  end  of  the  large  one,  placing 
it  so  that  almost  half  of  it  projects  over  the  large  basket,  and 
the  comical  little  dog  will  be  finished. 

Fig.  16  shows  two  clothespin  horses  attached  to  a 

Berry-basket  Wagon 

with  clothespin  wheels.  The  driver  is  a  clothespin  held  up 
by  a  clothespin  seat,  and  the  wagon  is  filled  with  clothespin 
people  along  each  side  edge. 


CHAPTER  III 

STRAW   AND  PAPER   FURNITURE 

A  HANDFUL  of  straws,  such  as  are  used  for  lemonade  and 
soda-water,  several  large  sheets  of  writing-paper,  and  some 
small-sized  pins — these  are  your  materials.     A  pair  of  sharp 


Fig.  17 — The  old-fashioned  bedstead. 

scissors,  a  ruler  marked  off  into  whole,  half,  and  quarter 
inches,  and  a  lead  pencil — these  are  your  tools. 

We  will  begin  with  the  old-fashioned  four-post  bedstead 
with  its  canopy  and  valances   (Fig.   17).     It  is  easily  put 

9 


10 


Little  Folks    Handy  Booh 


together,  but  you  must  be  careful  to  cut  the  straws  for  the 
posts  all  exactly  the  same  length,  making  them  about  seven 
inches  long,  and  to  have  your  measurements  for  the  other 
parts  quite  correct,  in  order  that  the  bedstead  may  stand 
perfectly  upright.  Select  four  straight  straws  for  the  posts — 
sound  and  whole.     Split  straws  will  not  do. 

The  mattress  and  canopy  are  exactly  alike;  each  has  its 
valance,  and  they  are  just  the  same  size;  so  directions  for  one 
will  answer  for  both.  Cut  an  oblong  of  writing-paper  eight 
and  a  half  inches  long  and  six  and  a  half  inches  wide.  Be 
sure  that  the  ends  and  side  edges  form  perfect  right  angles; 
if  they  do  not,  the  bed  will  be  crooked.  The  edges  of  your 
sheet  of  writing-paper  are  at  right  angles  to  one  another,  and 
if  you  use  the  top  edge  of  your  paper  for  the  top  edge  of  your 
oblong,  and  the  side  edge  of  the  paper  for  one  side  edge  of 
your  oblong,  the  rest  will  come  out  all  right. 

Now  draw  perfectly  straight  lines  across  your  oblong  from 
top  to  bottom,  just  one  and  a  half  inches  from  each  edge 

(Fig.  i8).  Then  from 
side  to  side  draw  two 
more  straight  lines;  the 
first  one  and  a  half  inches 
below  the  top  edge  and 
the  other  one  and  a  half 
inches  above  the  bottom 
edge.  This  gives  the 
mattress  with  a  border 
all  around.  In  each  cor- 
ner of  the  mattress,  a  lit- 
tle more  than  a  quarter 
of  an  inch  from  the  end  and  side  lines,  draw  a  small  cross  as 
shown  in  Fig.  i8.  Be  sure  these  crosses  are  placed  correctly, 
and  are  exactly  alike  in  mattress  and  canopy.  Now  cut  out 
the  four  squares  at  the  corners  of  the  oblong,  as  indicated  by 
the  heavy  lines  in  Fig.  i8,  and  insert  the  point  of  your  scissors 


Valance 

1 

+                                                 +   ! 

MoUress                    ; 

+                                                 +   ' 

1 

Fig.  18 — The  mattress  and  canopy. 


Straw  and  Paper  Furniture 


11 


in  the  centre  of  each  little  cross  and  snip  along  each  line  of 
the  cross.     Do  not  make  the  slashes  too  deep. 

Cut  the  edges  of  the  border,  or  valance,  into  small  points, 
as  in  Fig.  17;  then  bend  the  valance  down  at  the  sides  and 
ends  of  the   mattress.     The   dotted  _ 

lines  in  the  diagrams  show  where  to 
bend  the  paper.  Make  the  canopy 
just  as  you  have  made  the  mattress, 
but  cut  deeper  points  on  the  edge  of 
the  valance. 

Through  each  of  the  four  straw 
bedposts  run  a  small  pin  two  and  a 
quarter  inches  from  the  end  of  the 
straw  (Fig.  ig). 

Push  the  long  ends  of  the  straws 
up  through  the  slashed  crosses  in  the 
corners  of  the  mattress  (Fig.  19)  until 
the  bottom  of  the  mattress  rests  on 
the  pins,  then  run  a  pin  through  each 

straw  just  above  and  close  to  the  top  of  the  mattress.  Be- 
tween the  two  pins  the  paper  can  slip  neither  up  nor  down. 
Run  another  pin  in  each  straw  post  half  an  inch  from  the 
top,  slide  the  canopy  down  upon  these,  and  fasten  with  more 
pins,  as  you  did  the  mattress.  Make  the  bolster  by  folding 
a  piece  of  paper  the  proper  shape  and  cutting  the  end  edges 
in  points  for  trimming. 

Now  you  not  only  know  how  to  make  the  bedstead,  but 


Fig.  19 — Slide  the  paper  down 
to  the  pin. 


The  Little  Table 


as  well,  for  if  you  will  look  at  Fig.  20  you  will  see  that  it  is 
put  together  in  the  same  manner  as  the  bedstead. 

Make  the  legs  of  the  table  three  inches  long.  Cut  the  top 
of  the  table  four  inches  long  and  three  and  a  half  inches 
wide,  and  the  shelf  three  and  a  half  inches  long  and  three 


l'^ 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


inches  wide.  Measure  one-quarter  of  an  inch  froni  each 
edge  of  the  table  top  and  draw  straight  lines  as  in  Fig.  21. 
This  will  give  you  a  narrow  border  all  around  the  top. 

Make  and  cut  the  little  crosses  in  the  corners  of  top  and 
shelf,  then  cut  out  the  squares  at  the  corners  of  the  top  and 


Fig.  20— The  little  table. 

bend  down  the  edges.  The  shelf  of  the  table  should  be  one 
inch  above  the  bottom  ends  of  the  straws,  and  the  top  of  the 
table  one-quarter  of  an  inch  below  the  top  ends  of  the 
straws. 

By  making  the  straw  legs  of  the  table  twice  as  long,  and 
the  top  and  shelves  narrower,  you  can  have  another  useful 
article  of  furniture,  for  by  adding  two  shelves  of  paper  on 


Straw  and  Paper  Furniture 


13 


Fig.  21 — A  narrow  l«)rcler  all  around  the 
table  top. 


the  straws,  and  fastening  them  in  the  same  way,  this  can  be 
used  as  a  cupboard  or  shelves  on  which  to  place  the  tiny 
doll  dishes  or  clothes.-  The  table  can  also  be  made  into  a 
little  dressing-table,  by  sim- 
ply using  for  the  back  legs 
straws  twice  as  long  as  the 
front  legs  and  then  slipping 
a  square  piece  of  paper  on 
the  straws  that  extend  above 
the  table,  to  serve  as  a  mir- 
ror. Just  as  the  paper  is 
slipped  on  the  straws  for  the 
back  of  the  chair  (Fig.  22), 
silver  paper  is  pasted  on  this 
to  make  it  look  like  glass. 

With  these  few  patterns  you  can  make  any  number  of 
useful  articles  to  furnish  Miss  Dolly's  house.  You  can  make 
small  beds  and  large  beds,  small  tables  and  large  tables,  and 
many  sizes  of  chairs. 

You  can  make 

The  Chair 

by  merely  looking  at  Fig.  22  and  the  diagrams,  Figs.  23  and 
24.  No  pins  were  used  in  this,  but  if  you  want  the  chair  to 
last  it  is  best  to  fasten  it  securely  like  the  rest  of  the  furniture. 
The  straws  for  the  back  should  be  six  inches  long  and  for  the 
front  legs  two  and  a  quarter  inches  long.  The  shelf  under 
the  chair  is  the  size  of  the  seat. 

This  furniture  will  be  especially  useful  in  playing  with 
paper  dolls,  and  by  using  different  colors,  in  colored  papers, 
you  can  have  a  blue  room,  a  pink  room,  and  a  green 
room. 

You  can  make  tissue-paper  sheets  and  spread  for  the  bed 
and  pillow-slips,  too,  if  you  like.  Thus  dolly  can  be  tucked 
away  snugly  for  the  night. 


14 


Liiile  Folks'  Handy  Book 


The  ingenuity  exercised  in  the  construction  of  these  simple 
articles  will  encourage  the  development  of  deftness  and  skill 


Kic.  22— The  high-backed  chair. 


I  ^ 


Ui 


^ 


/ii 


23 


2,/t-tnche<b 


+ 

4- 

Back 

4- 

+ 

24 
2.  A-  i^cWec, 


^eo-lr 


+ 


-h 


FlG.  23— Push  the  straw 
through  the  back  of 
the  chair. 

Fig.  24— Cut  the  back 
and  scat  like  these. 


in  the  little  fingers,  which  are  ever  ready  to  imitate  anything 
that  teacher  can  make. 


CHAPTER  IV 

A  NEWSPAPER  BOAT  WHICH  WILL  SAIL  ON  REAL  WATER 

You  can  fold  a  thirteen-and-a-half-inch  square  of  news- 
paper into  a  fine  boat  measuring  thirteen  inches  from  stem 


Fig.  25 — The  newspaper  boat  made  water-proof  and  sailing  on  real  water. 


to  stern.     It  will  be  a  good,  stanch  craft  like  Fig.  25,  to  float 

and  sail  out  in  the  open  on  pond,  lake,  or  river,  or  at  home  in 

basin  or  bath  tub. 

15 


k; 


Little  Folks'  TTamly  Book- 


Cut  your  square  of  paper  even  and  straight.  Place  it  out  flat 
on  top  of  a  bare  table  and  fold  at  the  centre  along  the  dotted 
line  (Fig.  26),  which  will  make  Fig.  27.  Bend  each  side  of  this 
down  outwardly  along  its  centre  at  the  dotted  h'ne  and  bring 


27 


Fig.  26 — Square  of  newspaper  for 
making  boat. 


Fig.  27 — Paper  folded  at  centre. 
Fig.  28 — Paper  with  sides  bent  down,  making 
four  layers. 


the  edges  a  quarter  of  an  inch  lower  than  the  bottom  fold  A; 
then  your  paper  will  be  four  layers  like  Fig.  28.  Turn  up  the 
lower  edge  B  of  Fig.  28,  making  Fig.  29.    Fold  back  the  three 


Fig.  29 — Paper  ready  to  turn  back 
lower  corners. 


Fig.  30— Ready  for  folding  back  the 


upper  comers. 


lower  layers  of  the  corners  at  the  dotted  lines  (Fig.  29)  and 
you  will  have  Fig.  30  Bend  back  the  upper  corners  at  the  dotted 
lines  to  make  Fig.  31.  Open  Fig.  31  at  the  top  and  it  will 
be  your  boat.     Turn  the  boat  upside  down  and  slide  one 


A  Newspajwr  Boat 


17 


loose  edge  on  the  bottom  under  the  other  loose  edge;  then 
pinch  each  bottom  point  and  bend  it  down  toward  the  centre 
of  the  boat,  creasing  it  flat  (Fig.  32).    Turn  the  boat  right  side 


\  ..  / 

/f^                     ^/ 

1^ — JX^ 

-^  vr- 

\< 


32 


Fig.  31 — Square  folded  into  boat.  . 

Fig.  32 — Fold  points  on  bottom  of  boat  inward  toward  centre — fnis  way. 
Fig.  33 — Newspaper  boat  without  sail. 


up  again,  set  it  on  the  table,  bend  the  two  sides  well  up  and 
crease  them  along  the  bottom  until  the  boat  resembles  Fig.  -t^t^. 
To  render  the  craft  water-proof  melt  a  piece  of  wax  candle, 
turn  the  boat  upside  down  again  and  give  the  bottom  a  coat 
of  the  melted  white  wax,  extending  the  coat  half  way  or  more 
up  the  sides.     Use  a  teaspoon  for  pouring  the  wax  over  the 


18  Little  Folks'  Hmidy  Book 

boat;   the  hot  wax  soon  hardens  and  in  a  few  moments  you 
may  launch  the  Httle  craft  on  the  water. 
If  you  want  to  make  a 

Sailing  Vessel 

of  your  boat,  roll  up  a  one-inch-wide  strip  of  newspaper  into 
an  old-fashioned  paper  lighter,  which  is  merely  rolling  the 
strip  spirally  into  a  round  stick;  this  is  the  mast.  Cut  a 
paper  sail,  not  too  large,  puncture  holes  in  it  and  slide  the 
sail  on  the  mast;  add  a  small  paper  pennant  on  the  extreme 
top;  then  insert  the  base  of  the  mast  into  a  common  wooden 
spool  and  glue  the  spool  tight  to  the  bottom  of  the  boat  at  the 
centre  of  the  bow. 

With  thread  and  needle  take  a  stitch  or  two  in  the  low^er 
corner  of  the  sail  and  attach  it  with  a  short  length  of  the 
thread  to  the  stern;  fasten  securely.  Also  fasten  the  pennant 
to  the  mast,  so  that  it  cannot  turn,  for  in  this  vessel  both  sail 
and  pennant  must  be  stationary  and  not  swing  to  either  side. 
Be  careful  not  to  have  the  sail  too  heavy. 


CHAPTER  V 

PAPER  JEWELRY 

Ordinary  brown  wrapping  paper  is  the  best  to  use  for 
this  paper  jewelry.  Indeed  the  pale,  creamy  yellow  of  some 
wrapping  paper  is  much  like  ivory  in  color,  and  the  chains 
and  ornaments  made  of  it  are  really  charming. 

The  Necklace 

See  how  simply  the  necklace  is  made  without  glue  or  paste. 
It  is  a  system  of  double  rings  that  shift  and  slide  in  one's 
hands  like  the  links  of  a  metal  chain.  When  the  principle 
is  understood  it  is  all  very  easy. 

The  rings  may  be  cut  out  free-hand  by  folding  the  paper  as 
in  Fig,  34.  Cut  an  oblong  about  six  inches  long  and  three 
inches  wide  and  fold  it  crosswise  through  the  middle,  then 
bring  the  two  side  edges  together  and  fold  it  again  lengthwise. 
Start  at  the  top  where  the  paper  is  folded  and  cut  out  the 
ring  as  in  Fig.  34.  You  will  notice  in  the  drawing  that  the 
circle  at  the  top  is  slightly  elongated;  this  is  necessary  in 
fitting  the  rings  together.  The  ring  when  opened  will  look 
like  Fig.  35,  Cut  out  six  rings  the  size  and  shape  of  Fig.  35, 
then  make  two  smaller  ones,  like  A  (Fig,  36),  and  eight  still 
smaller  ones,  like  B  (Fig,  36).  Now  cut  a  single  ring  per- 
fectly round,  a  trifle  larger  than  Fig.  34,  a  double  ring  like  C 
(Fig.  37),  and  a  pearl-shaped  pendant  like  Fig.  38.  Open 
Fig,  T,S  and  cut  the  three-cornered  catch  in  one  half  and  the 
slit  in  the  other  half,  as  shown  in  Fig,  39,  Cut  the  catch 
first,  then  fold  the  pendant  again,  as  in  Fig,  38,  and  punch 

19 


20 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


small  holes  with  a  pin  at  the  base  of  the  catch  through  the 
other  half,  to  mark  the  place  for  the  slit.  The  slit  must  not 
be  as  long  as  the  base  of  the  catch,  else  the  catch  will  not  hold. 
Put  the  necklace  together  by  slipping  the  half  of  one  ring 
over  both  halves  of  another,  as  in  Fig.  40.     Commence  with 


^^^M 

^ 

m 

^^^^ 

'    ^^^m% 

»<bhb 

^^ 

VM 

J^^ 

M\m 

^ 

% 

i"Lm 

E^'  .Jf^^^ 

smm 

^ 

'  ^  ■■' 

%>•'' 

The  little  queen.     Adorned  with  paper  jewelry. 

the  single  ring.  Slip  half  of  a  large  double  ring  through  the 
single  ring,  bring  the  double  ring  together  and  slip  another 
large  ring  through  that,  then  add  another  large  ring  and  you 
will  have  a  chain  of  three  large  rings  with  the  single  ring  at 
the  end. 

To  the  end  double  ring  attach  a  ring,  like  A  (Fig.  36) ;   to 
A  add  a  chain  of  four  rings  like  B  (Fig.  36).     This  gives  you 


Fig.  34 — Fold  and  ctit  like  this. 
Fig.  35— When  the>  ring  is  opened. 
Fig.  36^Make  smaller  rings  like  these. 
Fig.  37 — Fasten  the  pendant  on  the  ring. 
Fig.  38 — The  pendant. 


21 


Tola. 


Fig.  39 — The  pendant  open. 

Fig.  40 — Slip  the  half  of  one  ring  over 

both  halves  of  another. 
Fig.  41 — Cut  a  clasp  like  this. 
Fig.  42 — Fasten  the  clasp  in  this  way. 


22 


Little  Folks"  llaudy  Book 


just  half  of  the  necklace,  for  the  single  ring  is  to  be  the  middle 
one.  Make  the  other  half  in  the  same  way,  starting  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  single  ring  and  slipping  ring  into  ring  as 
you  did  before.  Attach  the  ring  pendant,  C  (Fig.  37),  to  the 
single  ring  between  the  two  side  rings,  then  add  the  pendant. 
Fasten  the  two  halves  of  the  pendant  together  by  folding  the 
two  points  of  the  catch  inward,  slipping  the  catch  through 
the  slit  and  then  spreading  the  points  out  again  fiat.     This 


Fig.  43— The  finished  jewelr>-. 

makes  a  very  secure  fastening  and,  unless  the  neck  of  the 
catch  is  too  slender,  it  will  neither  break  nor  pull  apart. 

Fig.  41  is  the  clasp  for  the  necklace.  Cut  it  out  like  the 
pattern  and  make  it  about  three  inches  long.  Slip  one  end 
of  the  clasp  through  the  last  ring  on  one  end  of  the  neck- 
lace, the  other  end  of  the  clasp  through  the  last  ring  on  the 
other  end  of  the  necklace,  then  bring  the  clasp  together 
and  slip  the  catch  through  the  slit,  as  in  Fig.  42.  The 
photograph  (Fig.  43)  shows  how  pretty  the  necklace  is  when 
finished. 


Paper  Jewelry  ^3 


The  Coronet 

The  coronet  shown  in  the  illustration  of  the  "Little  queen" 
is  cut  in  one  piece  (Fig.  44).  At  the  widest  part,  from  top  to 
bottom,  it  is  three  inches  wide,  and  the  ends  may  be  length- 
ened or  shortened  to  fit  any  head.  The  ends  must  meet  and 
fasten  at  the  back. 

Little  rings,  one  inch  in  diameter,  cut  like  Fig.  45,  ornament 
the  coronet,  as  shown  in  Fig.  44.  They  are  fastened  by  the 
catch  at  the  top  through  slits  cut  in  the  coronet.  Make 
three  slits,  one  below  the  other,  a  little  over  one  inch  apart, 
down  the  middle  of  the  coronet,  and  on  either  side  of  these 
make  six  more  slits  in  the  position  shown  on  the  right  half 
of  Fig.  44.  This  gives  fifteen  slits,  for  which  you  must  have 
fifteen  rings.  These  dangling  little  rings  that  shake  and 
twinkle  with  every  movement  are  fascinating  little  ornaments, 
and  are  far  prettier  than  more  elaborate  designs. 

Ear-rings 

Quite  oriental-looking  ear-rings  are  made  likje  Fig,  46.  Cut 
first  two  single  elongated  hoops  like  Fig.  47,  making  them 
almost  three  inches  long  and  one  and  three-quarter  inches 
from  side  to  side.  These  long  hoops  are  to  slip  over  the  ears 
to  hold  the  ear-rings  on.  Cut  two  hoops,  like  D  (Fig.  46) ,  and 
two  pendants,  like  E  (Fig.  46),  Fasten  the  hoop  D  upon  the 
hoop  (Fig.  46),  and  the  pendant  E  upon  the  hoop  D,  clasping 
the  pendant  by  its  catch  as  you  did  the  pendant  of  the  neck- 
lace. The  children  need  not  follow  exactly  the  shapes  of  the 
"danglers"  and  pendants  shown  here — let  them  exercise 
their  own  taste  in  these. 

The  Bangle  Bracelet 

The  bangle  bracelet  (Fig.  48)  is  made  as  in  Fig.  49.  Cut 
a  strip  of  paper  half  an  inch  wide  and  about  eight  inches  long; 


nm. 


^^Zy  ^^Z^^^Z^  —       —      —  49 


Fig.  44— The  coronet  is  cut  in  one  piece.         Fig.  48— The  banele  hrarelpf 

tiG.i,     Cut  two  hoops  hke  this  Fig.  51— A  link  bracelet. 

i?lG.  62 — blip  one  link  through  another. 

24 


Paper  Jewelry 


25 


make  a  catch  at  one  end  and  a  slit  in  the  other  end,  then  a 
little  below  the  middle  cut  six  slits  half  an  inch  apart,  as  in 
Fig.  49. 

Cut  six  round  charms,  three-quarters  of  an  inch  in  diame- 
ter, with  a  catch  at  the  top  like  Fig.  50,  and  fasten  the  charms 


Playing  lady.    The  lorgnette. 

on  the  bracelet.  Fig.  49  gives  the  inside  of  the  bracelet  with 
three  charms  attached.  This  bracelet  is  large  for  a  small 
child,  but  can  be  shortened  at  the  end  to  fit  any  little  arm. 


A  Link  Bracelet 

Fig.  51  is  a  link  bracelet.  Make  this  by  folding  a  strip  of 
paper  eight  inches  long  crosswise  through  the  middle.  Bring 
the  folded  end  half  way  down  and  fold,  turn  back  the  other 


^>(i 


Little  Folks    Handy  Book 


end  and  fold  like  a  fan.  This  divides  the  paper  into  six 
equal  parts.  Now  cut  out  the  outer  edge  of  all  the  links  at 
once.  Free  the  two  end  links  and  cut  out  the  centres  of  the 
others,  then  cut  the  centres  of  the  two  links,  as  shown  in  Fig. 
51,  making  the  catch  and  slit  like  the  pattern. 

The  links  of  the  long  chain  shown  in  the  photograph  of 
"The  queen   and    her   captive,"    are   cut   exactly  like  the 


Fig.  53 — Make 

the  lorgnette 

case  of   a  strip 

of  paper. 


Fio.  54. 


Fig.  .55 — The  glasses 
swing  loosely. 


bangle  bracelet  (Fig.  49).  The  slits  and  charms  are,  of 
course,  omitted.  Fig.  52  shows  how  the  chain  is  put  together 
by  slipping  one  link  through  another  and  fastening  it  with  its 
catch.  You  can  make  the  chain  any  length.  It  is  so  strong 
that  only  rough  handling  will  pull  it  apart. 

The  Lorgnette 

Now  comes  the  lorgnette,  which  works  beautifully  made 
of  rather  stiff  paper.     Make  the  case  of  a  strip  of  paper  three 


Paper  Jewelry 


27 


inches  wide  and  eight  inches  long.  Fold  the  paper  length- 
wise through  the  middle  and  cut  it,  rounding  at  the  top  like 
Fig.  53.  In  one  side  cut  a  small  round  hole  at  the  top,  rather 
near  the  edge  of  the  case,  F  (Fig.  53) ,  and  fold  back  the  lower 
corners  according  to  the  dotted  lines.     Cut  out  the  eyeglasses 


Thi;  qUL'L-u  and  her  captive. 


like  Fig.  54.  Curl  the  edges  of  the  ball  G  together  and  slide 
the  ball  through  the  hole  F  in  the  case,  as  in  Fig.  55. 

The  glasses  swing  quite  loosely  by  this  hinge,  and  will 
slide  easily  in  and  out  of  the  case.  When  tucked  away 
inside  the  case  a  little  flirt  of  the  hand,  a  turn  of  the  wrist, 
will  throw  them  out  and  they  can  be  lifted  to  a  piquant  little 
nose  in  the  most  approved  and  fine-ladylike  fashion. 

The  lorgnette  in  use  is  shown  in  the  photograph,  "Playing 
lady."  "The  little  queen"  displays  jewelry,  and  "The 
queen  and  her  captive"  show  the  long  chain. 


CHAPTER  VI 

WHAT  TO   MAKE   OF   EMPTY  SPOOLS 

Gather  up  all  the  spools  you  can  find,  big,  little,  thick, 
and  thin;  no  matter  how  many,  you  can  use  them  all.  There 
is  no  end  of  fun  to  be  had  with  these  always-on-hand,  easily 
found  toys;  they  may  be  made  into  almost  everything. 

Spool  Houses 

are  very  simply  constructed.  Begin  building  by  standing 
ten  spools  in  a  straight  row  for  the  front  of  the  house.  Make 
one  side  with  seven  spools  placed  at  right  angles  with  the 
front.  This  gives  you  one  corner  of  the  house.  Build  the 
back  parallel  to  the  front  by  standing  nine  spools  at  right 
angles  with  the  side.  You  will  then  have  two  corners  of 
the  house  and  three  sides.  Add  a  row  of  six  spools  along 
the  empty  space  between  the  front  and  back  of  the  house  for 
the  fourth  side,  as  in  Fig.  56.  Remove  the  third  and  fourth 
spools  from  the  left-hand  corner  of  the  front  of  the  house  to 
form  the  doorway,  and  examine  the  foundation — see  that  it 
is  even  and  straight  before  erecting  the  walls;  then  continue 
the  building,  placing  a  spool  on  top  of  each  foundation  spool 
(Fig,  57).  Build  on  another  layer  of  spools,  except  over  the 
second  and  third  spools  at  the  right  hand  of  the  doorway 
opening  (Fig.  58).  Add  another  row  of  spools  (Fig.  59),  and 
another  (Fig.  60).  Lay  a  piece  of  pasteboard  box  over  the 
top  of  the  walls  (Fig.  61),  and  make  the  roof  of  a  piece  of 
almost  any  kind  of  paper  by  bending  and  creasing  the  paper 
down  along  the  lengthwise  centre  and  up  along  the  length- 
wise edges.  Place  the  roof  on  top  of  the  pasteboard  ceiling 
(Fig.  62).     Do  not  have  the  roof  project  over  the  end  of  the 

28 


Fig.  56 — First  row  of  spools. 
Fig.  57 — Second  row  of  spools. 
Fig.  58 — Third  row  of  spools. 

Fig.  62- 


FlG.  59 — Fourth  row  of  spcMjJs. 
Fig.  60— Fifth  row  of  spools. 
Fig.  61 — A  piece  of  pasteboard  on  top. 
-Place  the  roof  on  top. 

29 


30 


Little  Folks"  Handy  Book 


house  where  you  are  to  build  the  chimney,  for  the  chimney 
must  be  quite  close  to  the  house.  Select  large  spools  for  the 
chimney  and  build  it  by  standing  one  spool  on  top  of  another 
until  the  chimney  extends  above  the  roof.  You  can  top  the 
chimney  by  laying  a  piece  of  cardboard  over  the  last  spool 
and  j)lacing  two  small  spools  on  it  side  by  side.  Enclose  the 
yard  with  a  spool  fence,  standing  the  spools  a  short  distance 


I 

Fig.  63— Trees  and  flowers  made  of  paper  and  spoob. 

from  each  other,  as  in  the  photograph.  Use  spools  of  larger 
size  for  the  gateway,  topping  them  with  two  smaller  ones 
(Fig.  62). 

Make  the  yard  into  a  cheerful 

Sunshiny  Garden 

(Fig-  63),  with  flowers  and  trees  of  paper  and  tubs  and  flower- 
pots of  spools,  where  the  clothespin  people  may  go  for 
recreation. 


What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools 


31 


The  trees  are  easy  to  make  and  arc  \'ery  effective;  they  are 
simply  fringed  strips  of  paper  rolled  like  a  paper  lighter  with 
the  large  ends  stuck  into  spools.  Cut  a  strip  of  green  tissue- 
paper  fifteen  inches  long  and  five  wide;  then  cut  one-third  of 
the  strip  narrow,  about  one  inch  wide,  and  fringe 
the  remaining  two-thirds  (Fig.  64).  With  the 
thumb  and  first  finger  of  your  right  hand  begin 
to  roll  the  corner  as  shown  at  A  (Fig.  64).  Con- 
tinue rolling,  and  the  fringe,  which  forms  the 
foliage,  will  stand  out  on  the  outside  of  the  rolled 
part  or  trunk  of  the  tree.  When  you  reach  the 
solid,  narrow  part  of  the  paper  strip  it  will  roll 
into  a  smooth,  round  stick,  forming  the  lower 
part  of  the  tree  trunk.  Paste  the  last  wrapped 
corner  of  the  paper  roll  in  place  and  clip  the  tree 
trunk  off  even  across  the  bottom  edge;  then 
press  it  into  a  hole  in  the  centre  of  an  empty  spool 
of  ordinary  size,  and  there's  your  tree!  You  can 
vary  the  foliage  by  crimping  the  fringe  with  knife 
or  scissors  before  the  strip  is  rolled  into  a  tree  and 
by  having  the  fringe  of  some  much  longer  than 
that  of  others.  If  you  use  different  tones,  tints, 
and  shades  of  green,  running  from  very  light 
to  dark,  and  make  a  lot  of  them  varying  in 
height,  the  trees  will  look  very  pretty  and  they  can  form  a 
jungle  where  toy  wild  animals  can  live;  or  a  number  of  the 
trees  might  form  a  playground  or  a  grove  where  dolls  may 
go  for  a  picnic. 

In  the  photograph  of  the  group  of  trees  you  will  see  a 
number  of  pots  of  flowers.  The  flowers  are  disks  and  squares 
of  different  bright-colored  tissue-paper,  each  one  with  its 
centre  pinched  together  and  twisted  into  a  stemlike  piece, 
which  is  pushed  down  into  a  buttonhole-twist  spool.  Around 
some  of  the  flowers  a  smaller  square  of  green  may  be  used  for 
foliage. 


Fig.  64— This  is 
the  way  to 
make  a  tree. 


S'Z 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


You  could  make  an  extensive  flower  garden  by  using  a 
great  number  of  these  short,  flat  spools  and  bits  of  gay  tissue- 
paper,  and  they  can  be  arranged  and  rearranged  in  many 

different  ways. 
It  is  possible  to  make  all  kinds  of  toy  furniture  of  spools. 

If  you  want 

A  Bedroom  Set, 

use  four  spools  for  the  legs  of  a  bedstead,  place  them  in 
position  and  lay  a  piece  of  stiff  white  paper,  bent  up  at  one 


Fio.  65— A  little  bedstead. 


Fir,.  66 — A  table  can  be  made  in  a  moment's  time. 
Fig.  67 — The  lamp. 


end,  on  top  of  the  spools.     The  bed  will  then  be  ready  for 
the  doll  (Fig.  65). 

A  little  table  can  be  made  in  a  moment's  time.  i\ll  that 
is  necessary  is  to  choose  a  large  spool  and  place  a  round  piece 
of  paper  on  the  top  (Fig.  66).  Make  the  bureau  of  six 
spools  close  together  in  two  rows  of  three  spools  each,  and 
cut  the  top  of  a  piece  of  paper  with  a  high  extension  in  the 
centre,  which  you  must  bend  upright  for  a  mirror.  The 
washstand  can  be  four  spools  quite  close  together  covered 
with  a  piece  of  paper.  A  piano  is  easily  made,  but  you  must 
think  it  out  for  yourself.  Use  a  small  spool  for  the  piano- 
stool. 


What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools 


33 


The  Lamp 

(Fig.  67)  is  a  spool  with  a  little  roll  of  white  paper  shoved 
into  the  hole  and  a  circular  piece  of  paper  crimped  around 
the  edge  for  the  shade.     Unless  you  need  the  spool  to  use 


Fig.  68 — Just  like  a  kitchen. 


again  in  other  ways,  you  might  paste  the  paper  on  and  make 
a  lamp  which  will  not  come  apart. 

You  can  glue  the  tops  on  the  table  and  washstand  and  the 
mirror  on  the  bureau  also;  though  this  is  not  necessary,  for 
if  you  are  careful  and  do  not  knock  against  the  furniture  it 
will  remain  secure. 

Now  make  the  toy 

Kitchen 

with  empty  spools,  and  the  entire  kitchen  will  not  cost  one 
cent  of  money. 


34 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


Fig.  69 — The  stove  without  the  stovepipe. 


Fig.  70 — The  finished  stove. 


See  how  firm  and  substantial  the  little  kitchen  furniture 
looks  in  the  photograph  with  its  fine  stove,  dresser,  and  wash- 
tub  (Fig.  68).  Use  four 
spools  for  the  feet  of  the 
stove.  Over  these  lay  a 
piece  of  pasteboard  about 
six  inches  long  and  four 
inches  wide,  allowing  it 
to  project  beyond  the 
front  feet  to  form  the 
apron;  then  build  on  the 
body  of  the  stove,  mak- 
ing it  of  spools  two  lay- 
ers deep,  as  in  Fig.  69. 
Cut  a  piece  of  pasteboard 
to  fit  over  the  spools  for 
the  stove  top,  and  have  it 
long  enough  to  stand  out 
a  short  distance  at  the 
back;  then  you  can  build  on  the  stovepipe  (Fig.  70). 

Make  the  dresser  of  spools   and   strips  cut   from  paste- 
board boxes  (Fig.  71). 


Fig.  71— The  kitchen  dresser. 


What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools 


35 


Fig.  72 — The  dining  table. 


For  the  tubs  stand  four  spools  close  together,  and  set  a  lit- 
tle round  box  on  top  of  them.  Make  the  washboard  of  a 
piece  of  paper  folded  many  times  backward  and  forward, 
fan  fashion.  After  carefully  creasing  the  folds,  pull  the 
paper  out  slightly  and  put  it  in  the  tub  for  the  next  washday 
(Fig.  68). 

After  cooking, 

A  Dining  Table 

will  be  needed.  With  eight  spools  and  a  piece  of  paste- 
board cut  from  a  box  you  can  make  a  fine  dining  table;  the 
legs  of  the  table  are  four  columns  of  two  spools  each,  as  you 
see  in  Fig.  72,  and  the  chairs  are  made  of  spools  with  bent 
pieces  of  cardboard  pasted  on  top.  The  decorations  of  the 
table  are  small  spools  with  bright  tissue-paper  for  flowers 
arranged  at  the  four  corners  of  the  table,  and  the  plates  are 
the  round  pasteboard  tops  from  milk  bottles. 


36 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


When  enough   furniture  has  been   manufactured,   build 

A  Wagon 

Cut  Fig.  73  from  heavy  paper  or  cardboard  that  will  fold 
without  breaking.     Bend  all  the  dotted  lines  and  cut  all  the 


0A3H 

BOARD 


Fig.  73 — Pattern  of  little  wagon. 


Fig.  74— The  wagon  of  cardboard  with  spool  for  wheels. 

heavy  lines  in  the  pattern.     Push  a  burnt  match,  or  a  wooden 
toothpick  through  one  hub,  then   through  an  empty  spool 


What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools  37 

and  the  second  hub.  The  spool  forms  the  wheels.  Screw  a 
small  pin  cautiously  through  each  of  the  two  projecting  ends 
of  the  match,  piercing  the  wood  and  leaving  the  head  and 
point  of  the  pin  standing  out  (Fig.  74).     Tie  a  knot  in  the 


Fig.  75 — A  Sunday-school  room  made  of  spools. 

end  of  a  string  to  prevent  its  sliding  out  and  thread  it  through 
the  hole  in  the  dashboard. 

By  laying  narrow  strips  of  paper  on  a  table  or  on  the 
floor  to  form  a  boundary  line,  you  may  make  a 

Sunday-School  Room 

Leave  an  open  space  for  the  doorway  at  the  opposite  end  of 
the  room  from  the  organ.  Build  up  a  column  of  four  large 
spools  at  each  side  of  the  space  and  connect  them  with  a  strip 
of  paper  laid  from  the  top  of  one  column  to  the  top  of  the 
other. 

Build  the  fine,  large  pipe-organ  close  to  the  edge  of  the 
back  room.  Stand  eight  spools  in  a  row  tight  to  each  other 
at  equal  distances  from  each  boundary  side  Kne.     Build  the 


38 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


row  up  three  spools  high,  then  skipping  the  end  spools,  build 
on  two  layers  of  six  spools  each;  again  skip  the  end  spools 
and  build  on  a  layer  of  four  spools.  Crown  the  last  layer 
with  two  top  spools.  Across  the  centre  front  of  the  organ 
stand  a  row  of  spools,  two  high  and  three  long.  Over  them 
lay  a  piece  of  paper  bent  lengthwise  through  the  centre  for 
the  key-board  and  music-rack.  Bend  another  piece  of  paper 
for  the  music  and  stand  it  on  the  key-board  against  the  rack. 


Fig.  76 — The  spool  trolley  car. 

Make  the  organ  seat  of  two  spools  placed  side  by  side  in 
front  of  the  organ  with  a  strip  of  paper  laid  over  them.  Let 
the  seats  for  the  doll  children  be  rows  of  three  spools  each. 
Place  the  seats  one  in  front  of  another  in  parallel  lines  a  short 
distance  apart  and  allow  a  wide,  lengthwise  central  aisle 
between  them.     All  this  is  shown  in  Fig.  75. 


Trolley  Car 

Hunt  up  an  old  pasteboard  box,  for  you  will  need  a  box  lid 
about  fifteen  inches  long  and  eight  inches  wide  as  a  founda- 
tion for  the  realistic  trolley  car  (Fig.  76).     Use  eight  spools 


What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools  39 

for  the  wheels;  place  two  spool  wheels  near  the  front  and 
two  near  the  back  on  each  side.  Lay  the  spools  down  flat 
and  rest  the  edge  of  the  box  lid  on  the  body  of  the  spools; 
then  stand  a  row  of  eleven  spools  on  each  side  of  the  top  of 
the  box  lid.  Beginning  at  one  end  of  the  row,  build  up 
every  other  spool  into  three-spool  columns;  the  intervening 
spaces  form  the  open  windows  of  the  car. 

Leave  windows  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  car  in  the  same 
way,  and  place  a  row  of  spools  close  up  against  the  bottom 
spools  of  each  side  of  the  car  to  form  the  car  seats.  Roof  the 
car  with  a  piece  of  cardboard  cut  off  square  at  one  end  and 
rounded  at  the  other.  On  top  of  each  side  of  this  roof  place 
one  row  of  six  buttonhole-twist  spools,  the  spools  of  each  row 
separated  equal  distances  (Fig.  76).  Stand  a  spool  on  the 
front  of  the  car  platform  for  the  motorman's  wheel  and  you 
have  a  car  like  that  in  the  photograph. 

When  the  trolley  is  taken  apart  use  the  spools  in  building 

A  Bridge 

Fig.  77  shows  that  the  piers  can  be  built  to  a  good  height 
and  be  solid  and  substantial. 

Stand  three  large-sized  spools  together,  forming  a  triangle, 
with  one  point  turned  to  face  the  opposite  pier.  This  group 
of  three  spools  is  the  foundation  of  one  of  the  two  columns, 
which  together  form  one  pier  of  the  bridge. 

About  two  inches  distant  and  on  a  line  with  the  triangle 
of  spools  stand  a  group  of  three  more  spools,  and  build  up 
each  group  into  a  column  four  spools  high.  You  will  need 
two  more  columns  for  the  opposite  pier  of  the  bridge;  build 
them  as  you  did  the  first,  and  place  the  second  pier  exactly 
opposite  to  and  as  far  from  the  first  as  you  desire  the  span 
should  reach — say  about  fourteen  inches. 

Lay  a  strip  of  pasteboard  six  inches  wide  across  from  pier 
to  pier,  allowing  the  ends  to  rest  on  the  piers,  but  not  extend 
beyond  the  outside  end  edges  of  the  piers;  then  if  your  span 


40 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


is  fourteen  inches  long,  cut  from  a  pasteboard  box  two  more 
strips  fourteen  inches  long  and  of  the  same  width  as  the  span; 
score  each  strip  across  one  end,  one  inch  from  the  edge,  bend 
slightly  and  fit  the  bent  edge  of  each  strip  on  one  end  of  the 


.  Fig.  77 — The  spool  bridge. 


bridge,  allowing  the  other  end  of  the  strip  to  extend  away 
from  the  pier  and  rest  on  the  floor,  forming  an  inclined 
approach  to  the  bridge  proper  as  in  Fig.  77. 

When  your  pasteboard  strips  are  well  settled  in  place,  con- 
tinue building  up  the  piers  on  top  of  the  pasteboard,  making 

each  group  of  three  spools 
two  layers  high;  then 
build  up  one  spool  two 
layers  high  on  top  of  the 
four  columns. 

Complete  the  archway 


Fig.  78 — Span  the  two  columns  with  this. 


by  spanning  the  two  col- 
umns of  each  pier  with 
a  narrow  strip  of  stiff  white  paper  bent  up  into  a  point  at 
the  centre  and  out  into  a  flap  at  each  end  (Fig.  78) .    The  flaps 


What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools 


41 


rest  on  top  of  the  spools.  The  photograph  shows  how  the 
entire  bridge  should  look,  and  in  the  photograph  you  will  find 
a  little  lady  hurrying  across  the  bridge  on  her  way  home,  and 


Fig.  79 — A  spool  memorial  arch. 

following  in  her  wake  Mr.  Clothespin  and  Mrs.  Clothespin. 
A  paper  boat  under  the  bridge  would  make  the  scene  more 
realistic. 
Next  build 

A  Memorial  Arch 

(Fig.  79),  something  like  the  one  which  was  erected  in  New 
York  City.  Commence  with  two  groups  of  spools  a  short 
distance  apart;  have  three  in  each  group,  two  in  the  back  and 
one  in  the  front.  Build  up  columns  four  spools  high;  then 
lay  a  strip  of  pasteboard  across  from  one  to  the  other.  On 
top  of  the  pasteboard  place  two  more  groups  of  smaller  spools 


42 


Little  Folks''  Handy  Book 


a  little  nearer  together  than  the  first  groups.  Make  these 
columns  two  spools  high  and  crown  each  with  a  single  spool 
decorated  with  a  bright-colored  paper  flag  fastened  on  a  stick 
pushed  down  into  the  spool.  At  the  base  of  the  arch  add  three 
more  spools  on  each  side,  o  and  o  (Fig.  79),  and  the  structure 
will  be  completed.  This  is  not  exactly  like  the  original,  but 
for  a  spool  arch  it  is  fine,  and  a  spool  procession  will  feel 
honored  to  march  through  it. 


The  Parthenon 

If  you  have  enough  spools,  you  can  make  a  miniature  repre- 
sentation of  one  of  the  most  beautiful  temples  ever  built. 


Fig.  80 — The  Parthenon  made  of  spwols. 

Begin  by  standing  four  spools  in  a  row  for  the  first  end  of  the 
building,  allowing  about  the  width  of  a  spool  between  each 
two.  Place  eight  in  a  row  for  the  first  side,  four  for  the 
other  end,  and  eight  for  the  second  side  (Fig.  80).  Have  the 
spools  all  of  the  same  size,  that  the  walls  may  be  alike  and 
perfectly  even,  because,  as  you  know,  the  walls  are  to  be 
formed  of  columns,  not  as  many  as  in  the  original,  but  enough 
to  give  an  idea  of  the  Greek  temple.  Build  up  the  spools 
three  deep  into  pillars;  then  lay  a  piece  of  pasteboard  on  the 
top  of  the  columns  for  a  ceiling.     Bend  another  piece  of  paste- 


What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools 


43 


board  lengthwise  through  the  centre  for  the  roof,  and  stand 
it  tent-like  on  top  of  the  ceiling.  You  can  measure  the  correct 
size  of  the  ceiling  by  laying  a  piece  of  pasteboard  down  flat 
on  the  floor  along  the  eight-columned  side  of  the  Parthenon 
to  obtain  the  length,  and  placing  it  flat  on  the  floor  across  the 


Fig.  81 — You  can  blow  bubbles  with  a  spool. 


four-columned  side  to  mark  the  width.  Make  the  roof  the 
same  length  and  a  little  wider  than  the  ceiling,  to  allow  for 
the  height  of  the  bend  through  the  centre. 

You  must  imagine  a  space  immediately  beneath  the  roof 
of  the  little  Greek  temple  filled  in  with  the  most  beautiful 
statuary,  and  think  of  the  spools  as  white  marble  columns, 
and  you  should  see,  in  fancy,  another  row  of  stately  columns 
inside  the  ones  you  have  built.     Tell  all  about  the  real 


44 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


Parthenon  and  hunt  up  a  picture  of  the  temple  that  all  may 
see  just  how  near  you  came  to  making  the  little  model  look 
like  the  wonderful  Parthenon  on  the  Acropolis,  in  Athens. 
After  admiring  the  building  for  a  while,  pretend  that  a 
left-over  spool 

Is  a  Venetian  Shell 

shot  from  a  cannon,  and  toss  it  gently  against  the  roof  at  one 
end  of  the  temple,  then  see  the  columns  totter  and  fall,  leaving 


Fig.  82— Pattern  of  butterfly. 


Fig.  83— It  will  fly  from  the  spool. 


only  a  portion  of  the  Parthenon  standing,  in  the  ^ame  way 
that  the  real  marble  columns  fell  when  the  original  structure 
was  shattered  and  practically  destroyed  by  the  soldiers. 
You  can 

Blow  Bubbles  with  a  Spool, 

beautiful  bubbles,  which  float  and  glide  in  the  air  with  all 
the  charm  of  clay-pipe  bubbles.  Mix  strong  soap-suds,  dip 
one  end  of  a  large  spool  in  the  water,  w^et  the  spool,  then  blow. 
If  the  bubble  refuses  to  appear,  dip  the  spool  in  the  water 
again,  put  your  head  down  to  the  spool  and  blow  a  few  bub- 
bles while  the  spool  is  in  the  water,  then  quickly  raise  it  and 
try  again.     Nine  times  out  of  ten  you  will  succeed,  and  a 


What  to  Make  of  Empty  Spools 


45 


bubble  will  swell  out  from  the  spool  as  in  Fig.  8i.  These 
wooden  bubble-blowers  last  a  long  time,  with  no  danger  of 
breaking  when  accidentally  dropped  on  the  floor,  and  you 


'"/ 


Fig.  84 — The  ball  is  placed  on 
top  of  the  spool. 


Fig.  85— The  ball  will  rise  and  fall. 


can  always  find  enough  to  provide  one  for  each  of  the  players 
who  meet  for  a  trial  of  skill  in  bubble-blowing. 
Now  try 

Pretty  Butterflies 

which  fly  from  spools.  Cut  a  butterfly  (Fig.  82)  from  bright- 
colored  tissue  paper  or  thin  writing  paper,  bend  at  the  dotted 
line  and  paste  on  the  large  end  of  a  very  small  cork.  Fit  the 
small  end  of  the  cork  into  the  top  of  the  hole  of  an  empty 
spool  (Fig.  83).  Then  blow  through  the  spool  and  see  the 
butterfly  ascend  rapidly  to  the  ceiling  and  float  down  again. 


46  Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 

A  number  of  different  colored  butterflies  in  the  air  at  one 
time  fill  the  room  with  charming  bits  of  fluttering  brightness 
that  will  delight  the  children. 

Take  another  empty  spool  and  stick  a  common  wire  hair- 
pin partially  into  the  hole,  bend  the  hairpin  slightly  down 
against  the  edges  of  the  hole,  do  the  same  with  three  more 
hairpins,  and  you  will  have  a  spool  with  a  funnel-like  opening 
of  hairpins  at  the  top  (Fig.  84).  In  the  funnel  place  a  small, 
light-weight  ball  made  of  a  crushed  bit  of  bright  paper  wound 
around  with  thread.  Raise  the  spool  to  your  lips  and  blow 
gently  (Fig.  85).  The  ball  will  rise  and  fall  in  mid-air,  in  the 
same  way  that  you  have  seen  one  of  rubber  dance  at  the  top 
of  a  small  fountain  or  jet  of  water. 


CHAPTER  VII 

OLD  ENVELOPE  TOYS,  AND  HOW  TO  MAKE  THEM 

Don't  throw  away  your  old  envelopes;  see  what  amusing 
toys  can  be  made  of  them  simply  by  folding  and  cutting. 


Fig.  86 — The  side  view  of  the  frog  shows 
his  beautiful  open  mouth. 


Fig.  87- 


-The  frog  is  sprawled  out  on 
the  table. 


No  paste  or  glue  is  needed,  and  any  one  of  the  toys  given 
here  can  be  made  in  five  minutes  or  less. 


The  Frog 

The  frog  is  one  of  the  simplest  and  at  the  same  time  the 
funniest  of  the  collection.  Fig.'  86  gives  a  side  view  in  which 
his  beautiful  open  mouth  can  be  seen  to  advantage.  Fig. 
87  shows  him  sprawled  out  on  the  table.  Fig.  88  gives  the 
pattern  of  the  frog  as  it  appears  when  drawn  on  the  en- 
velope. You  will  notice  that  the  bottom  fold  of  the  envel- 
ope is  used  for  the  top  of  the  animal.  Draw  the  outlines 
as  in  Fig.  88,  then  cut  along  the  lines  you  have  drawn.  The 
under  part  of  the  body  follows  the  edge  of  the  lower  lap 
of  the  envelope  from  front  to  hind  leg.  Now  flatten  out  the 
fold  at  the  top  and  bend  the  paper  under  at  the  corners, 

47 


48 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


which  forms  the  head  and  tail.     Cut  a  slit  along  the  folded 

edse  of  the  head  for  the 
mouth,  pull  the  lower 
part  down  and  the  mouth 
will  open  wide  as  a  frog's 
mouth  naturally  does. 
By  working  the  lower 
jaw  the  frog  can  be  made 
to  snap  at  imaginary  flies. 
Draw  the  eyes  as  shown 
in  Fig.  87  and  bend  down 
the   lower    part    of   the 

body  along  the  dotted  line,  shown  in  Fig.  88,  spread  out  the 

hind  legs,  and  Master  Frog  is  finishedo 

The  Little  Bed 

For  the  little  bed  (Fig.  89)  use  a  long  envelope.     If  the  top 
lap  is  open,  cut  it  off.     Flatten  out  the  bottom  fold  as  you  did 


Fig.  88 — The  pattern  of  the  frog  drawn 
on  an  envelope. 


FiC.  89 — Use  a  long  envelope  for  the  little  bed. 


Old  Envelope   Toys 


49 


for  the  frog's  back,  then  bend  the  ends  and  sides  as  in  Fig. 
90.     Bend  up  the  points 
at  each  end  for  head  and 
footboards,  and  there  is 
your  bed. 

The  Table 

Make  the  table  (Fig. 
91)  of  a  smaller  envelope 
in   the   same    way,    but 

leave  the  points  extending  out  at  the  ends  (Fig.  90)  and  cut 
short  legs  on  the  bottom  edge  (Fig.  91). 

Plates  and  other  dishes  can  be  made  very  easily.     For 


Fig.  90 — Fold  the  envelope  this  way  for  the  bed. 


Fig.  91 — Make  the  table  of  a  smaller 
envelope. 


Fig.  92 — A  comfortable  link-  .-miIj 


circular  dishes  use  a  cent  or  a  ten-cent  piece  for  a  pattern. 
Very  effective  cups  and  goblets  can  be  made  from  old  pieces 
of  tinfoil.  The  table,  however,  is  strong  enough  to  hold  the 
little  china  or  tin  dishes  usually  found  among  a  child's  col- 
lection of  toys. 

The  Sofa 

The  comfortable  little  high-backed  sofa  (Fig.  92)  is  made 
of  a  long  envelope  with  the  top  left  open.     Fold  the  envelope 


50 


Little  Folks"  Handy  Book 


into  the  box  shape,  as  for  the  bed,  with  the  points  turned  up. 
Then  fold  the  tips  of  the  points  inward,  as  in  Fig.  93.  Now 
reverse  the  box  and  sht  down  the  two  front  edges  which 

gives  an  opening  in 
front.  Bend  down 
this  front  piece  and 
cut  it  off  on  a  hne 
with  the  two  ends. 

The  Arm-Chair 

A  deep,  low-seated 
arm-chair  can  be 
made  of  an  oblong 
envelope  of  ordinary 
size  by  following  the  directions  for  the  sofa  and  allowing  the 
back  to  curve  instead  of  making  it  flat,  then  slitting  down 
the  sides  and  bending  them  over  to  form  the  arms  (Fig.  94). 

The  Bath  Tub. 

A  little  bath  tub,  but  one  that  will  scarcely  hold  water,  is 
shown  in  Fig.  95.     In  this  the  upper  lap  is  left  open,  the 


Fig.  93— Fold  the  tips  of  the  points  inward. 


Fig.  94 — Make  the  arm-chair  of  an 
oblong  envelope. 


Fig.  95 — A  little  bath  tub  for  imagiaajy 
water. 


Fig.  96 — A  doll-baby  can  ride  in  this  carriage. 


Fig.  97 — ^The  bungalow  is  made  of  a  long  envelope. 

51 


52 


Little  Folks'  Handij  Book 


points  are  bent  under,  and  the  sides  left  to  curve  naturally. 
A  baby  carriage  can  also  be  made  in  this  way,  but  for  the 
carriage  the  points  must  extend  down  and  have  wheels  drawn 
on  theln  and  the  tips  must  be  cut  off  squarely  at  the  bottom 
so  that  the  carriage  will  stand.  The  lap  is  the  back  and  the 
handle  in  one  (Fig.  96). 

The  Bungalow 

The  little  bungalow  (Fig.  97)  is  something  very  different, 
yet  it,  too,  is  made  of  an  envelope.  Though  it  appears  to 
have  many  parts  it  is  all  in  one  piece.     The  envelope  is  a  long 

one,  such  as  is  used  for 
legal  papers.  Fig.  98 
gives  the  pattern.  The 
heavy  lines  show  where 
to  cut  and  the  dotted 
lines  where  to  bend.  The 
lap  forms  the  front  porch, 
but  the  porch  may  be 
left  off  entirely  if  the  en- 
velope has  been  slit  at 
the  top  in  opening  it. 
With  a  little  care,  however,  many  envelopes  can  be  opened 
intact.  Cut  along  the  heavy  lines  of  the  door  and  windows, 
then  open  the  door  and  the  little  shutters.  Bend  back  the 
ends  of  the  house  and  in  the  middle  of  each  end  take  a  little 
plait  from  top  to  bottom.  This  is  to  make  the  ends  narrower 
and  give  room  for  the  roof  to  slant.  Bend  the  roof  back  from 
the  eaves  along  the  dotted  line.  The  back  of  the  bungalow 
is  made  like  the  front,  except  that  it  has  no  door,  windows,  or 
porch. 

Children  who  have  a  knack  at  drawing  can  greatly  improve 
the  bungalow  by  drawing  the  slats  to  the  blinds,  drawing  in 
the  panelling  on  the  front  door,  putting  on  the  knob,  putting 
shingles  on  the  roof,  etc.,  etc. 


Roof 

; 

' 

-J 

_i 

^ 

^ 

Porch               ^^^"^ 

^ 

y 

Fig.  98- 


-Draw  the  bungalow  on  the  envelope 
in  this  vvav. 


Old  Envelope  Toys 


53 


The  Cart 

The  little  cart  (Fig.  99),  that  will  hold  quite  a  heavy  doll, 
and  can  be  trundled  about  like  one  made  of  wood,  is  not  cut 
at  all. 

Fold  an  oblong  envelope  into  the  box  shape  (Fig.  93) ,  with 
points  turned  up,  but  let  the  points  be  deeper  than  for  the 
bed  or  sofa.  This  is  because  the  ends  of  the  envelope  are  to 
form  the  sides  of  the  cart  and  must  be  longer  from  front  to 
back.     Bend  the  tips  of  the  points  in  and  crease  the  folds 


Fig.  99 — The  cart  can  be  trundled  about 
like  one  made  of  wood. 


Fig.  100 — This  is  the  way  to  put  wheels 
on  the  cart. 


sharply  that  they  may  lie  flat  against  the  sides.  Sharpen 
one  end  of  a  small,  round  stick  and  push  it  through  the  middle 
of  the  folded  point  on  one  side,  then  slide  a  large,  empty  spool 
on  the  stick  and  thrust  the  point  of  the  stick  through  the 
opposite  side  (Fig.  100).  The  stick  should  stand  out  beyond 
the  cart  about  half  an  inch  on  each  side,  and  will  need  no 
fastening. 

Puncture  a  hole  in  one  end  of  the  cart,  thread  a  cotton 
string  through  the  hole,  tie  a  large  knot  on  the  inside  end  and 
pull  the  string  through  until  the  knot  presses  close  against  the 
end  of  the  cart.  Let  the  string  be  long  enough  to  reach  easily 
from  the  floor  to  the  little  hand  that  will  hold  the  other  end. 


54  Little  Folks'  Handij  Book 

Besides  all  these  toys,  a  baby's  cradle  that  has  rockers  and 
will  rock,  a  cunning  little  dressing-table  with  its  mirror,  boxes 
of  different  shapes  and  sizes,  and  various  kinds  of  baskets 
can  be  made  of  the  old  envelope.  Probably  there  are  other 
forms  it  may  be  made  to  assume— boats  perhaps,  that  for  a 
time  at  least  will  float  on  the  water,  and  animals  other  than 
the  frog. 


CHAPTER  VIII 

TOYS  OF   CLOTHESPINS 

You  can  make  cunning,  soft,  downy  hens  and  roosters 
simply  of  raw  cotton  and  clothespins  (Fig.  loi).     The  litde 


Fig.  101 — Soft,  downy  hens  and  roosters. 

creatures  may  be  pure  white,  dark  colored,  or  part  dark  and 
part  light,  according  to  the  cotton  used. 
All  of 

The  Chickens 

have  the  same  kind  of  foundation.  It  is  made  by  sliding  the 
prongs  of  two  clothespins  into  each  other  (Fig.  102).  Be 
sure  the  clothespins,  when  together,  stand  firm  on  the  prong 
ends,  for  these  form  the  legs  and  feet  of  the  chickens. 

55 


56 


Little  Folks    Handy  Book 


With  a  string  tie  a  piece  of  raw  cotton  over  the  head  of  one 
clothespin;  have  the  string  tight,  but  the  cotton  cover  rather 


Fig.  102 — Slide  the  prongs  of  two 
clothespins  together. 


Fig.  103 — Tic  a  piece  of  raw  cotton 
over  the  head  of  one  clothespin. 


loose.  Bring  the  cotton  partly  down  the  clothespin  and  tie 
it  again  (Pig.  103) ;  then  use  your  fingers  to  shape  the  top 
cotton  into  the  form  of  a  rooster's  head;   gently  pull  a  little 


Fig.  104— Pull  a  little  of  the  cotton  out 
to  make  a  beak. 


Fig.  105— a  fine  little  rooster  that  will 
move  his  little  head. 


of  It  out  to  make  the  beak;  tie  a  string  around  the  beak  where 
It  joins  the  head,  and,  with  thumb  and  finger  slightly  damp- 
ened, twist  the  end  of  the  beak  into  a  point  (Fig.  104).  Cot- 
ton which  comes  in  sheets  is  best  for  the  tail,  but  the  other  will 


Toys  of  Clothespins  51 

do.  Lay  the  centre  of  a  generous  piece  of  cotton  over  the 
head  of  the  second  clothespin,  plait  the  loose  ends  around  the 
pin,  and  fasten  with  a  string,  making  the  edge  of  the  tail  in 
a  line  with  the  opening  of  the  prongs  of  the  pin.  Cut  the 
folded  end  rounded  on  top,  and  slit  it  up  a  short  distance  into 


Fig.  106— The  little  hen. 

wide  fringe  to  form  the  long  feathers  of  the  rooster's  tail 
(Fig.  104). 

With  another  piece  of  cotton  cover  the  back  and  sides  of  the 
rooster,  as  you  would  put  a  saddle  on  a  horse.  Bring  the 
edges  of  the  cover  together  down  the  neck  and  body;  when 
fitted  lift  the  cover,  put  paste  here  and  there  on  its  under  side 
near  the  edge,  replace  the  cover  and  it  will  stick  fast;  then, 
with  the  top  of  a  wire  hairpin,  push  the  edges  of  the  cover, 
front  and  back,  in  between  the  open  prongs  of  the  clothespin. 
Ink  round  bits  of  paper  and  paste  on  the  rooster  for  eyes; 
make  his  comb  and  wattles  of  red  tissue  paper  (Fig.  105), 
and  you  will  have  a  fine  rooster  which  can  actually 


58  Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 

Move  His  Little  Cotton  Head 

up  and  down,  fast  or  slow,  as  you  wish.  To  make  him  do  so, 
hold  the  front  leg  steady  with  your  left  hand,  while  with  your 
right  hand  you  raise  and  lower  the  other  leg.  Try  it,  and  see 
how  naturally  the  little  fellow  appears  to  pick  up  corn  in  an 
eager,  hungry  manner. 

Fashion  the  hen  in  the  same  way  you  made  the  rooster, 
only  have  the  tail  smaller  and  without  long  feathers  (Fig.  io6). 


Fig.  107 — Making  a  downy  little  lamb  out-of  a  clothespin. 

The  comb  on  the  hen  must  also  be  smaller  than  that  on  the 
rooster.  The  general  shape  of  the  hen  is  the  same  as  that 
of  the  rooster.  Notice  that  the  direction  of  oudine  along  the 
lower  edge  of  tail  and  body  is  one  continuous  slanting  line; 
remember  this  when  adjusting  the  tail  that  it  may  not  stand 
out  backward  at  right  angles  from  the  body. 

The  Little  Lambs 

are  made  in  much  the  same  way  as  the  chickens.  Slide  two 
clothespins  together  for  the  foundation  (Fig.  102) ;  tie  a  wad 
of  cotton  over  the  head  of  one  pin,  then  pull  the  head  out  a 
trifle  on  each  side  for  ears,  and  tie  with  a  string  as  you  made 
the  rooster's  beak.  Cover  the  second  clothespin,  making  the 
upper  part,  which  extends  down,  quite  thick;  then  lift  the 
upper  part,  and  bring  it  across  to  the  lamb's  neck,  for  the 
little  animal  must  have  an  almost  level  back  (Fig.  107).     Cut 


Toys  oj  Clotliespins 


59 


Fig.  108 — Tie  a  gay  ribbon  around  the  lamb's  neck. 

a  piece  of  cotton  large  enough  to  cover  the  entire  back  and 
sides  of  the  lamb,  lay  it  over  the  lamb  like  a  very  large  saddle, 


Fic.  109 — The  group  of  sheep. 


and  fasten  it  in  place  with  paste.  Use  small  inked  papers 
for  eyes,  and  tie  a  gay  ribbon  around  his  neck  (Fig.  io8). 
Make  a  number  of  little  lambs,  for  they  are  so  attractive  and 
pretty  grouped  together  (Fig,  109). 


60 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


The  Rabbit 

(Fig.  no)  has  the  same  kind  of  foundation  as  the  lamb,  but 
stre'tched  out  more,  bringing  the  heads  of  the  pins  lower  and 
farther  apart.     He  needs  very  long  ears,  so  they  must  be  of 


Fig.  110 — Such  a  funny  little  long- 
eared  rabbit. 


Fig.  Ill — The  doggie's  head  is  large. 


separate  pieces  of  sheet  cotton  tied  to  the  head.  Make  his 
head  rather  large,  and  in  other  respects  manufacture  him 
much  the  same  as  the  lamb. 


The  Ears  and  Tail  of  a  Dog 

are  too  large  for  pulling  out  and  tying  from  the  main  piece 
of  cotton,  so  cut  them  separate  and  tie  on  at  the  proper  places. 
Make  the  doggie's  head  large,  and  the  saddle-like  cover  thick, 
that  the  little  fellow  may  be  plump  and  fat;  cut  inked  paper 
for  eyes  and  end  of  nose;  with  these  exceptions  the  work 
is  the  same  as  on  the  lamb  (Fig.  107). 

When  tying  beaks,  ears,  and  tails  of  the  various  animals, 
cut  the  string  ends  close  to  the  knot;  then  the  string  will  sink 
into  the  cotton. 


To  dress  a 


Toys  of  Clothespins 


Little  Girl  Doll, 


61 


cut  a  strip  of  cotton  extending  from  below  the  neck  line  of  the 
clothespin  to  within  a  short  distance  of  the  ends  of  the  prongs; 
tie  the  cotton  in  gathers  around  the  lower  edge  of  the  neck, 


Fig.  112 — Begin  to  dress  the  doll  in  this  way. 


Fig.  1 13 — A  strip  of  cotton  for  arms. 


and  again  lower  down  at  the  belt  line  (Fig.  112).  Make 
the  arms  of  a  strip  of  cotton  about  four  and  a  quarter  inches 
long  and  one  inch  wide;  slash  in  the  middle  a  short  distance, 
and  slip  the  strip  over  the  head  of  the  pin  (Fig.  113) ;  bend  at 
the  shoulders,  fold  remaining  lengths  once  for  arms,  and,  with 
dampened  thumb  and  finger,  lightly  twist  the  ends  into  hands. 
The  edges  of  the  cotton  forming  arms  and  hands  will  cling 
together.  Tie  a  bright  ribbon  sash  around  Miss  Dolly's 
waist;  then  make  her  hair  of  a  strip  of  dark  raw  cotton;  fit 
and  press  it  on  the  wooden  head,  twisting  the  ends  to  resemble 
long  braids;  pinch  the  cotton  up  on  the  top  of  the  head  to 
form  a  pompadour;  when  adjusted  take  the  wig  off;  cover 
the  wooden  head  with  paste,  and  replace  the  wig,  setting  it 
well  back  from  the  front  of  the  head.     Fasten  a  ribbon  bow 


G2 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


back  of  the  pompadour,  and  tie  the  braids  together  at  the 
nape  of  the  neck  with  another  ribbon;  then  ink  the  features. 
Insert  the  ends  of  the  prongs  of  the  clothespin  forming 
dolly's  feet  into  a  small  piece  of  double-faced  corrugated 


Fig.  114— Little  girl  doll  made       Fig.  115— Miss  Dolly's 
of  a  clothespin  and  dressed    .  back, 

in  raw  cotton. 


Fig.  116 — The  clothespin 
boy. 


Straw  board,  fasten  them  in  with  paste,  and  the  little  girl  will 
stand  alone  (Fig.  114).     The  doll's  back  is  shown  in  Fig.  115. 
Make  the 

Boy  Doll 

(Fig.  116)  stand  in  the  same  manner;  fashion  his  hair  of  dark 
cotton,  his  trousers  of  a  strip  of  white  cotton  tied  around  the 
waist  and  pushed  in  between  the  prongs  of  the  clothespins. 
Cut  the  coat  from  a  folded  piece  of  cotton,  a  hole  in  the  centre 
of  the  fold  for  the  head  to  pass  through ;  straight  sleeves  hori- 
zontally cut  along  the  fold;  and  the  remainder  in  sacque  form 
like  a  Japanese  coat  or  pajamas.  The  sleeves  form  the  arms 
and  the  hands  of  the  boy. 


Toys  of  Clothespins  63 

Fasten  a  belt  high  at  the  back  and  low  in  the  front  around 
his  waist,  giving  the  coat  a  Russian-blouse  effect;  make  him 
a  ribbon  bow  necktie,  and  ink  the  features. 

These  small  people  are  very  bewitching,  as  are  also  the 
animals. 

You  can  color  the  sheet  cotton  slightly  here  and  there  with 
water-color  paint  if  you  are  clever  with  a  paint  brush.  As  you 
work  with  these  little  dolls  and  animals  you  will  fmd  ever  so 
many  ways  to  vary  them  in  effect.  They  are  so  soft  and 
fluffy  that  a  baby  can  play  with  them  without  injury,  and  a 
school  or  college  boy  may  be  amused  by  being  presented 
with  one,  appropriately  dressed,  as  a  souvenir  of  pleasant 
experiences  at  a  college  luncheon  or  dinner. 

To  make  a  foot-ball  player,  finish  the  blouse  without  necktie 
or  belt;  make  the  shoulders  wide  and  the  hair  rather  short, 
like  a  college  boy's  rough  head.  So  much  for  the  boy. 
Paste  a  letter  cut  out  of  colored  paper  on  the  front  of  the 
blouse  to  make  it  look  like  a  college  sweater,  and  gather  the 
trousers  in  a  little  at  the  knees.  You  can  tuck  an  egg- 
shaped  ball  made  of  brown  raw  wool  under  one  arm  for  a 
realistic  touch,  if  you  choose. 

Little  girl  dolls  may  be  similarly  made  to  represent  basket- 
ball players  in  short  skirts  and  school  or  college  sweaters, 
with  appropriate  emblems  on  the  front,  for  a  special  enter- 
tainment. 

Making  these  figures  is  much  less  trouble  than  dressing 
dolls  entails,  and  much  more  of  a  novelty,  too.  They  take 
so  many  shapes  that  they  fit  almost  any  occasion. 

In  fact,  the  possibilities  of  these  cotton  and  clothespin  toys 
are  almost  endless  in  the  hands  of  ingenious  young  people. 


CHAPTER  IX 

SCRAP-BOOKS 

Mother  Goose  Scrap  Book 

The  nursery  scrap-books  made  of  linen  or  colored  cambric 
are,  perhaps,  familiar  to  most  of  our  readers;  but  for  the 
benefit  of  those  who  may  not  yet  have  seen  these  durable 
little  books,  we  will  give  the  following  directions  for  making 
one: 

Cut  from  a  piece  of  strong  linen,  colored  cambric,  or  white 
muslin,    four   oblongs   twenty-four    inches   long   by   twelve 


^*JUUJUUfiJi:^jjLjLjLlLXJLXJ«>JiA  I  ^  ft  fcl  *!A'V^1_UJUAJUUJU1«"  ***<lJ>XltAja 


Fig.  117 — Scrap-book  opened  and  stitched  through 
the  middle. 


Fig.  1 18 — Scrap-book  folded 
and  then  stitched. 


inches  wide.  Buttonhole-stitch  the  edges  all  around  with 
some  bright-colored  worsted,  then  place  the  oblongs  neatly 
together  and  stitch  them  directly  through  the  centre  with 
strong  thread  (Fig,  117).  Fold  them  over,  stitch  again,  as  in 
Fig.  118,  and  your  book  is  finished  and  ready  for  the  pictures. 
It  is  in  the  preparation  of  these  pictures  that  you  will  find 

64 


Scrap-Books 


Go 


the  novelty  of  the  plan  I  propose.  Instead  of  pasting  in 
cards  and  pictures  which  have  become  too  familiar  to  awaken 
interest,  let  the  young  book-makers  design  and  form  their 
own  pictures  by  cutting  special  figures,  or  parts  of  figures, 
from  different  cards,  and  then  pasting  them  together  so  as 
to  form  new  combinations. 

Any  subject  which  pleases  the  fancy  can  be  illustrated  in 
this  way,  and  the  children  will  soon  be  deeply  interested  in 


Fig.  119— Three  Wise  Men  of 
Gotham. 


Fic.  121— Little  Jack  Horner. 


the  work  and  delighted  at  the  strange  and  striking  pictorial 
characters  that  can  be  produced  by  ingenious  combinations. 

Stories  and  little  poems  may  be  very  nicely  and  aptly 
illustrated;  but  the  "Mother  Goose  Melodies"  are,  perhaps, 
the  most  suitable  subjects  with  which  to  interest  younger 
children,  as  they  will  be  easily  recognized  by  the  little  folk. 

Take,  for  instance,  the  "Three  Wise  Men  of  Gotham,"  who 
went  to  sea  in  a  bowl.  Will  not  Fig.  119  serve  very  well  as 
an  illustration  of  the  subject  ?  Yet  these  figures  are  cut  from 
advertising  cards,  and  no  two  from  the  same  card.  Fig.  120 
shows  the  materials;  Fig.  119  shows  the  result  of  combining 
them. 


GO 


Little  Folks'  Hanchj  Book 


Again,  the  little  man  dancing  so  gaily  (Fig.  122)  is  turned 
into  "Little  Jack  Horner  "eating  his  Christmas  pie  (Fig.  121), 

by  merely  cutting  off  his  legs  and  substituting 

a  dress  skirt  and  pair  of  feet  clipped  from 

another  card.     The  Christmas  pie  in  his  lap 

is  from  still  another  card. 
In  making  pictures  of  this  kind,  figures 

that    were   originally 

standing  may  be  forced 

to    sit;    babies   may   be 

placed  in  arms  which,  on 

the  cards  they  were  stolen 

from,  held  only  cakes  of 

soap,  perhaps,  or  boxes 

of  blacking;  heads  may 

be   ruthlessly  torn  from 

bodies  to  which  they  be- 
long, and  as  ruthlessly 

clapped  upon  strange 
Fic,.i2o-Materiaisfor  sliouldcrs;    and  you  will 
Smham^'''  ^^'°  °^  be  surprised  to  see  what 

amusing,  and  often  ex- 
cellent, illustrations  present  themselves  as  the  result  of  a  little 
ingenuity  in  clipping  and  pasting. 
Another  kind,  which  we  shall  call  the 


I 


Fig.  122— Materials  for 
Little  Jack  Homer. 


Transformation  Scrap-Book 

will  be  found  exceedingly  amusing  on  account  of  the  various 
and  ever-changing  pictures  it  presents. 

Unlike  any  other,  where  the  picture  once  pasted  in  must 
remain  ever  the  same,  the  transformation  scrap-book  alters 
one  picture  many  times.  To  work  these  transformations,  a 
blank  book  is  the  first  article  required;  one  eight  inches  long 
by  six  and  a  half  or  seven  wide  is  a  good  size. 


Scrap-Books 


67 


Fig.  123 — Transformation  scrap-book  with  pages  cut. 


Cut  the  pages  of  this  book  across,  one-third  the  way  down. 
Fig,  123  shows  how  this  should  be  done.  The  three-cornered 
piece  cut  out  near  the 
binding  allows  the 
pages  to  be  turned 
without  catching  or 
tearing.  Leave  the 
first  page  uncut;  also 
the  one  in  the  middle 
of  the  book. 

Cut  from  picture- 
cards,  or  old  toy- 
books  which  have  col- 
ored illustrations,  the 

odd  and  funny  figures  of  men  and  women,  boys  and  girls, 
selecting  those  which  will  give  variety  of  costumes  and 
attitudes. 

Paste  the  figure  of  a  woman  or  a  girl  on  the  first  page, 
placing  it  so  that  when  the  lower  part  of  the  next  page  is 
turned  the  upper  edge  of  it  will  come  across  the  neck  of  the 
figure  where  it  is  joined  on  to  the  shoulders. 

Cut  the  heads  from  the  rest  of  the  pictured  women,  turn  the 
lower  part  of  the  next  page  and,  choosing  a  body  as  different 
as  possible  from  the  one  just  used,  paste  it  upon  the  lower  part 
of  the  second  page,  directly  under  the  head  belonging  to  the 
first  body.  Upon  the  upper  part  of  the  second  page  paste 
any  one  of  the  other  heads,  being  careful  to  place  it  so  that 
it  will  fit  the  body.  Continue  in  this  way,  pasting  the  heads 
upon  the  upper,  and  the  bodies  on  the  lower,  part  of  the  page, 
until  the  space  allowed  for  the  women  is  filled  up;  then, 
commencing  at  the  page  left  in  the  middle  of  the  book,  paste 
upon  it  the  figure  of  a  man,  and  continue  in  the  same  manner 
as  with  the  women,  until  the  spaces  are  all  used  and  the  book 
is  complete. 

The  combinations  formed  in  this  way  are  very  funny. 


tlG.  124— Leaves  from  a  transformation  scrap-book. 


Scrap-Books  69 

Old  heads  with  young  bodies;  young  heads  with  old  bodies; 
then  one  head  with  a  great  variety  of  bodies,  and  so  on. 

The  first  picture  may  represent  a  man,  tall,  thin,  dressed 
in  a  rowing  costume,  as  shown  in  the  illustration.  Turn  the 
lower  part  of  the  next  page, and  no  longer  is  he  thin  and  tall, 
but  short  and  stout,  the  position  of  this  body  giving  the  ex- 
pression of  amazement,  even  to  the  face.  The  next  page 
turned  shows  him  to  be  neither  tall  nor  short,  thick  nor  thin, 
but  a  soldier,  well-proportioned,  who  is  looking  over  his 
shoulder  in  the  most  natural  manner  possible  (Fig.  124). 

The  figures  in  Fig.  124  were  cut  from  advertising  cards, 
and  the  head  belongs  to  none  of  the  bodies. 

A  curious  fact  in  arranging  the  pictures  in  this  way  is  that 
the  heads  all  look  as  though  they  might  really  belong  to  any 
of  the  various  bodies  given  them. 

Instead  of  having  but  one  figure  on  a  page,  groups  may  be 
formed  of  both  men  and  women,  and  in  the  different  ar- 
rangement of  the  figures  they  can  be  made  very  ludicrous 
indeed. 

Flour  Paste 

Mix  one-half  cup  of  flour  with  enough  cold  water  to  make 
a  very  thin  batter,  which  must  be  smooth  and  free  from 
lumps;  put  the  batter  on  top  of  the  stove— not  next  to  the 
fire — in  a  tin  saucepan,  and  stir  continually  until  it  boils; 
then  remove  from  the  stove,  add  three  drops  of  oil  of  cloves, 
and  pour  the  paste  into  a  cup  or  tumbler.  This  will  keep  for 
a  long  time  and  will  not  become  sour. 


I 


CHAPTER  X 

TOYS  MADE   OF   COMMON   KINDLING   WOOD 

Just  a  glance  at  a  pile  of  ordinary  every-day  kindling  wood 
could  hardly  suggest  to  one  the  possibilities  existing  in  the 
crude  material  for  building  all  sorts  of  interesting  and  realistic 
things  for  the  litde  folks,  but  -experiment  and  you  will  find 
that  Klondike  log-houses,  rail-fences  and  lumber  camps, 
bridges,  and  substantial  litUe  rafts  which  will  float  on  water 
in  laundry  or  bath  tub,  pond  or  stream,  can  be  easily  and 
readily  built  from  the  little  sticks  we  use  to  start  our  fires. 

Let  us  build 

The  Bridge 

first,  that  Indians  and  men  may  cross  the  water  to  the  lumber 
region  beyond,  and  cut  logs  for  their  rafts  (Fig.  125). 

Select  two  sticks  of  kindling  wood  as  near  of  a  size  as  you 
can  find,  and  lay  them  side  by  side,  a  short  distance  apart; 
then  connect  the  two  by  placing  sticks  across  the  ends,  log- 
cabin  fashion.  These  four  sticks  form  the  square  foundation 
of  one  bridge  pier. 

Continue  building  by  crossing  the  second  layer  of  sticks 
with  a  third  layer,  the  third  layer  with  a  fourth  layer,  and 
so  on  until  the  pier  is  built  up  sufficiently  high,  six  or  more 
layers,  according  to  the  thickness  of  the  sticks.  As  you 
build  be  sure  that  the  two  sticks  forming  each  layer  lie  abso- 
lutely steady  and  are  of  about  the  same  thickness,  that  those 
built  on  top  of  them  may  not  slant,  but  lie  level  and  steady. 

All  sticks  should  be  of  the  same  length,  but  the  layers  may 
vary  in  thickness;  one  layer  of  sticks  might  be  thin  and  the 

70 


Toys  Made  of  Common  Kindlmg  Wood     71 

next  thick;  it  matters  not,  provided  that  the  two  forming  the 
same  layer  are  nearly  of  a  size. 

When  the  first  pier  is  finished,  build  a  second  one  like  it  a 
short  distance  from  the  first  one,  and  lay  a  strip  of  stiff  paste- 
board, cut  from  an  old  box,  across  from  pier  to  pier;  then  lay 
a  second  strip  of  pasteboard  from  one  pier  to  the  ground,  a 
third  strip  from  the  remaining  pier  to  the  ground  on  the  op- 


FiG.  125 — The  little  bridge  built  of  kindling  wood. 

posite  side  (Fig.  125).  If  you  wish,  the  two  end  strips  can 
be  longer  than  those  shown  in  the  photograph,  and  slant  from 
the  piers  down  to  the  ground  on  a  level  with  the  water.  The 
banks  in  the  photograph  are  built  up  with  boxes  and  covered 
with  green  cloth. 

For  each  of  the  two  archways,  take  two  thin  sticks  of  wood 
and  stand  them  at  the  top  outward  edge  of  the  pier,  with 
ends  braced  together  at  the  top,  and  spread  out  at  the  bottom, 
as  in  the  photograph. 

Use  either  natural  or  tissue-paper  trees  stuck  into  empty 
spools  for  foliage,  or  little  toy  trees,  if  you  happen  to  have 
them  among  the  children's  store  toys. 


72 


Little  Folks''  Handy  Book 


Though  the  bridge  is  not  intended  to  be  over  real  water, 
you  might  try  the  experiment  and  strengthen  the  hollow  piers 
by  filling  them  with  stones,  when  building  the  bridge  out-of- 
doors. 


Fig.  126  shows  two  little 


Kindling- Wood  Rafts 

which  will  float  on  real  water.     Have  the  slender  sticks  for 
the  raft  all  of  the  same  length,  and  use  about  sixteen  or  eigh- 


FiG.  126— Kindling-wood  rafts  that  will  float  on  real  water. 

teen  sticks  for  each  raft.  Weave  them  together  with  a  string. 
Begin  by  tying  the  centre  of  a  long  string  around  each  end  of  a 
stick,  which  should  be  about  eight  inches  in  length  (Fig.  127). 
Place  one  end  of  a  second  stick  up  against  one  tie,  allowing 
one  string  to  come  over  and  the  other  string  under  the  second 
stick  (Fig.  128).  Cross  the  two  lengths  of  the  string  over  the 
second  stick,  bringing  the  lower  string  up  and  the  upper 
string  clown  (Fig.   129);    then  lay  another  stick  up  against 


Toys  Made  of  Common  Kindling  IVood     73 

the  crossed  strings,  carrying  the  strings  in  turn  over  this  stick 
(Fig.  130).  Again,  bring  the  lower  string  up  and  the  upper 
string  down,  before  placing  another  stick.     Continue  crossing 


Fig.  127 — Begin  the  raft  in  this  way. 


Fig.  128 — Lay  a  second  stick  up 
against  the  tie. 


the  string  and  adding  kindling  wood  until  the  raft  is  of  the 
desired  length.  Tie  the  ends  of  the  string  securely  on  the 
last  stick,  and  weave  the  opposite  loose  ends  of  the  sticks 
together  in  the  same  way,  tying  the  string  firmly  together  on 


Fig.  129 — Cross  the  strings  around  the 
second  stick. 


Fig.  130 — Cross  the  strings  around  the  third 
stick. 


the  last  stick.  Clip  off  the  ends  of  the  string  and  the  raft 
will  then  be  ready  for  the  water,  and  will  carry  either  pas- 
sengers or  freight. 

Put  up  log-houses  for  the  toy  people  to  live  in.     Select  two 
different  lengths  of  kindling  wood  for 


The  Houses 

that  the  buildings  may  be  longer  one  way  than  the  other. 
They  will  look  better  and  be  more  comfortable  than  if  square. 


74 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


Place  two  long  sticks  of  kindling  wood  a  short  distance 
apart  and  running  parallel;  across  these  sticks  lay  two 
shorter  ones,  bridging  the  space  at  each  end  between  the  long 
sticks,  then  place  two  long  sticks  over  the  ends  of  the  two 
short  ones;  keep  building  in  this  way  until  the  little  house  is 
seven  or  eight  layers  high. 

Cut  a  piece  of  white  cardboard  or  light-weight  pasteboard 
the  length  of  the  house,  and  wider  than  the  width  of  the  house, 


Fig.  131— a  Klondike  settlement  with  dog  train  and  sledge. 

to  allow  for  the  slant  of  the  roof.  Bend  the  roof  lengthwise 
through  the  centre  and  lay  it  on  top  of  the  house  (Fig.  131). 
Make  a  door  of  stiff  pasteboard  painted  or  covered  with  a 
layer  of  brown  tissue-paper  pasted  on  the  outside.  Cut  the 
door  a  suitable  size  and  stand  it  up  in  front  of  the  house. 
If  you  want 

An  Arctic  Scene 

spread  a  piece  of  white  cloth  over  a  table  for  the  snowy 
ground.  Canton  flannel,  fleecy  side  up,  is  best,  but  any  kind 
will  answer  the  purpose.  Then  erect  several  kindling-wood 
houses  and  form  a  Klondike  settlement  (Fig.  131). 

Original  home-made  toy  men,  dogs,  and  sled  may  be  used 


Toys  Made  of  Common  Kit  idling  JVood 


75 


to  complete  the  scene,  or  they  can  be  cut  from  newspapers 
or  old  magazines.  Stiffen  by  pasting  them  on  cardboard; 
then  cut  out  the  men,  dogs,  and  sled  more  carefully  in  detail. 
Bend  one  leg  forward  and  one  backward  to  make  the  men 
stand  alone,  and  bend  two  legs  outward  and  two  inward  to 


Fig.  132 — The  Virginia  rail-fence. 


enable  the  dogs  to  stand.     Paste  narrow  strips  of  paper  on  the 
dogs  for  harness. 

Make  another  kindling-wood  scene  like  Fig.  132. 


Rail-Fences 

are  peculiar  to  x\merica.  You  cannot  find  them  abroad,  and 
every  little  boy  and  girl  will  want  to  know  how  to  build  one 
of  these  old-fashioned  "snake"  or  Virginia  rail-fences..  The 
fence  may  be  of  any  length,  its  zigzag  lines  can  run  in  any 
direction,  all  the  way  across  the  room  if  you  choose. 


76  Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 

Lay  down  one  piece  of  kindling  wood,  and  over  one  end 
place  the  end  of  another  stick,  forming  a  rude  letter  V  (Fig. 
133),  Across  the  end  of  the  second  stick  which  rests  on  the 
ground,  place  the  end  of  a  third  stick  (Fig.  134).  Keep  on 
building  the  first  layer  of  the  fence  in  this  way  until  it  stretches 
as  far  as  you  wish;  then  go  back  to  the  starting  point  and 
begin  building  the  second  layer  of  sticks,  by  placing  a  stick 
over  the  first  stick,  resting  one  end  on  the  far  end  of  the  first 
stick,  the  other  end  on  the  top  of  the  end  of  the  second  stick; 
lay  another  stick  across  over  the  second  stick,  another  over 
the  third,  and  so  on  until  the  second  layer  is  finished.  Build 
other  layers  in  like  manner,  and  make  the  fence  high  or  low, 


Fig.  133^Form  a  rude  letter  V.  Fig.  134 — Across  the  end  of  the  second  stick 

place  the  end  of  a  third  stick. 

as  desired.  Pile  up  kindling  wood  into  a  wood-pile  with 
small  pieces  scattered  on  the  ground,  and  if  there  is  a  toy 
horse  you  can  make  him  haul  more  wood  (Fig.  132). 

These  kindling-wood  toys  will  give  a  realistic  idea  of  log- 
houses,  rail-fences,  log  rafts,  and  primitive  bridges,  and  while 
building  them  the  children  might  be  told  stories  of  the  w^ay 
early  settlers  lived  and  made  their  homes,  or  the  children  may 
"make  up"  stories  about  the  diff'erent  scenes. 

Hammocks 

Substantial  little  hammocks  which  will  hold  good-sized 
dolls,  and  even  a  real  pussy  with  no  danger  of  the  material 
breaking,  can  be  made  of  ordinary  kindling  wood  or  strips  of 
pasteboard  (Fig,  135).  Both  styles  of  hammocks  are  woven 
in  the  same  manner.     The  weaving  is  like  that  used  for  the 


Toys  Made  of  Common  Kindling  Wood     77 

raft  and  is  of  the  simplest,  most  primitive  kind,  merely  cross- 
ing of  the  two  ends  of  each  side  string  between  each  piece  of 
wood  (or  pasteboard)  slat,  with  loops  of  string  left  at  each 
end  of  the  hammock  for  hanging  it  up.  When  fashioned  of 
kindling  wood,  like  that  in  the  photograph,  have  the  sticks 
slender  and  all  of  the  same  length.  When  made  of  pasteboard, 
cut  seven-inch-wide  strips  from  a  heavy  pasteboard  box  and 
cut  the  strips  crosswise  into  one-half-inch  slats.  Have  ready 
two  long  strings  measuring  about  two  and  a  half  yards  each. 


Fig.  135 — A  substantial  little  hammock. 

Double  each  string  and  tie  a  knot  in  the  closed  end,  fifteen 
inches  from  the  extreme  folded  end,  then  place  your  work  on 
the  top  of  the  table,  or  some  other  flat  surface  where  you  can 
keep  the  slats  flat  and  even.  Begin  to  weave  by  laying  a 
slat  between  the  loose  ends  of  each  string. 

Push  the  slat  up  tight  against  the  knots  and  cross  the  strings 
on  the  outer  edge  of  the  slat.  Slide  another  slat  between  the 
two  ends  of  each  side  string,  shoving  it  close  up  against  the 
crossed  strings  at  the  outer  edge  of  the  first  slat.  Bring  one 
end  of  each  string  over  and  one  under  the  second  slat,  cross 
them,  and  add  the  third  slat.  Continue  weaving  in  this  way 
until  the  hammock  is  of  sufficient  length,  then  tie  the  strings 
securely  at  the  outer  edge  of  the  last  slat. 


78  Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 

After  you  ha\-e  put  in  the  last  board  bring  the  slats  up  very 
close  together  and  draw  the  strings  firm  and  tight.  Tie  the 
double  lengths  of  string  together  at  each  end  of  the  hammock, 
making  two  long  loops  by  which  to  hang  up  the  hammock 


CHAPTER  XI 

LITTLE   TWIG   PEOPLE 

Have  you  seen  the  little  people  who  live  up  in  the  trees? 
Little  twig  people  who  dance  and  swing  and  bob  about,  who 
nod  and  bow  and  flutter  hither  and  yon;  some  astride  funny 
twig  horses,  others  dangling  head  down,  many  waiting  to 
run  a  race  when  a  stiff  breeze  comes  along,  and  all  as  merry 
as  merry  can  be,  tossing  their  long,  thin  arms  and  legs  in  the 
air  just  for  the  fun  of  it.  Perhaps  some  of  these  queer  folk 
are  outside  your  window  now,  and  it  may  be  near  enough  to 
the  ground  for  even  the  littlest  boys  and  girls  to  reach  if  they 
stand  on  their  toes.  Here  are  several  of  the  twig  people  who 
came  down  and  posed  for  their  photographs.  We  will  give 
each  one  a  name. 

Fig.  145  is  Miss  Daffy-down-dilly,  who  has  just  come  to 
town  and  is  feeling  very  bashful  about  it. 

Fig.  148  is  Jack-be-nimble  Jack-be-quick,  who  thinks  he 
can  jump  over  any  candlestick,  high  or  low. 

Fig.  151  is  the  Little  Crooked  Man  who  ran  a  crooked 
mile. 

Fig.  152  is  Little  Miss  Muffet,  who  is  so  terribly  afraid  of 
the  spider. 

Fig.  153  is  Peter  White,  who  follows  his  nose  wherever  he 
goes. 

Fig.  154  is  Doctor  Foster,  who  went  to  Gloster  in  a  shower 
of  rain,  and  he  is  stepping  very  high  to  avoid  falling  into  the 
puddle  we  have  all  heard  about. 

The  little  twig  people  do  not  look  quite  as  real  when 
separated  from  the  tree  as  when  you  see  them  dancing  in  the 

79 


80 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


breeze,  so  it  is  necessary  to  help  out  their  appearance  with 
paper  heads  and  hands  and  feet. 

Use  care  in  selecting  your  twigs,  for  they  are  not  all  alike. 
Some  are  quite  choice  and  unique,  others  more  commonplace 
and  less  amusing.     Suitable  ones  may  be  found  in  plenty. 


Fig.  136 — The  black  bands  on  the  twigs  show  where 
ihey  should  be  trimmed  off. 


Fic.  137 — Fastening  the  twig. 


When  a  small  branch  is  broken  from  a  tree  or  bush,  you 
will  find  that  some  of  the  twigs  attached  look  like  queer, 
crooked,  litde  legs,  and  some,  just  the  right  distance  above, 
seem  made  for  arms.  Then  comes  the  long  neck  that  is 
joined,  perhaps,  to  the  still  larger  branch  or  to  the  trunk  of 
the  tree.     Sometimes  there  are  several  arms  and  several 


Little  Twig  People  81 

legs  too  many  and  you  must  look  closely  and  decide  which 
are  the  real  ones;   then  cut  off  the  others. 
You  will  know  the  real 

Arms  and  Legs 

for  they  are  always  the  funniest  ones  and  the  most  suggestive 
of  comical  action. 

Cut  the  long  neck  down  in  proportion  to  the  rest  of  the 
body  and  trim  the  arms  and  legs  off  to  the  proper  length. 
Remember  that  one  inch  of  the  neck  of  the  dolls  must  be 
inserted  in  the  head  and  allow  for  that  in  cutting  the  long  stem. 

Fig.  136  gives  a  branch  as  it  looks  when  taken  from  the 
tree,  and  the  black  bands  on  the  twigs  show  where  they  should 
be  trimmed  off  to  bring  the  little  figure  into  proportions. 
The  parts  left  white  or  in  outline,  below  the  bands,  are  to  be 
cut  away.  There  are  two  legs  to  this  branch  and  three  arms, 
one  of  which  must  be  dispensed  with.  The  left  arm  must 
remain  and  it  matters  but  little  which  of  the  right  arms  is 
selected.     In  this  case  the  lower  one  is  marked  to  be  cut. 

Now  comes  the  making  of  the 

Heads,  Hands,  and  Feet 

These  must  all  be  double,  for,  to  hold  them  on,  the  twigs  are 
pasted  between  the  two  halves.  In  some  cases,  where  the 
neck  is  quite  thick,  you  will  find  it  best  to  shave  off  a  little 
at  front  and  back  to  flatten  it,  so  that  the  neck  may  lie  easily 
between  the  two  parts  of  the  head  and  not  push  the  face  out 
of  shape  (Fig.  137).  This  is  seldom  necessary,  however, 
unless  the  doll  is  unusually  large. 

Figs.  138,  139,  140,  141,  142,  and  143  give  the  heads  of  all 
our  little  troupe  sufficiently  large  to  be  copied.  Fig.  144 
shows  the  hands  and  feet. 

Use  a  heavy  brown  wrapping  paper  for  the  heads  and  draw 
the  faces  simply  with  pen  and  ink  in  broad  lines,  or,  if  the 


Fig.  138— Da£fy-down-dilly. 


Fig.  139— Little  Miss  Muffet. 


Fig.  140— Jack-be-nirable. 


Fig.  141— The  Little  Crooked  Man. 


Fig.  142— Peter  White. 


Fig.  143— Doctor  Foster. 


Little   Twig  People 


83 


children  want  to  color  them,  they  can  use  water-colors  or 
colored  pencils.  In  any  case  the  features  should  be  strongly 
marked,  that  the  character  of  the  face  may  not  be  lost. 


Fig.  144— Hands  and  feet. 


You  can  make  the  hands  of  paper  like  the  face,  or  of  dark 
brown  paper  (not  tissue),  to  match  the  dark  brown  arms. 
White  hands  will  give  the  effect  of  white  gloves.     Make  the 


84 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


feet  brown  or  black,  or  use  bright  colored  paper  to  represent 
colored  shoes. 

Daffy-Down-Dilly 

is  quite  a  tall  girl,  standing  eighteen  inches  high  in  her  heel- 
less  shoes  (Fig.  145).  Her  head,  shown  in  Fig.  138,  measures 
three  inches  from  top  to  chin;  this  does  not  include  the 
swirl  of  hair  which  rises  in  a  peak  above  the  head.  Her 
hands,  A  (Fig.  144),  are  two  and  a  quarter  inches  long  from 

wrist  to  tip  of  middle  finger, 
and  her  feet,  B  (Fig.  144), 
are  two  and  three-quarter 
inches  long. 

These  are  the  proportions. 
Of  Course,  for  a  smaller  doll 
they  should  be  smaller. 

Fold  a  piece  of  wrapping 
paper,  making  it  double, 
and  on  the  paper  draw  Daf- 
fy's head,  copying  the  one  in 
Fig.  138,  or  making  an  origi- 
nal head  if  you  prefer.  The 
back  hair  maybe  drawn  in  or 
painted  if  the  children  insist 
upon  having  an  all-around 
doll.  If  the  neck  is  thick  shave  it  off  as  in  Fig.  137.  Draw 
two  hands  on  double  pieces  of  paper  and  two  feet  on  double 
pieces  of  paper,  and  cut  them  out.  Daffy's  hands  are  the 
color  of  her  face,  and  her  shoes  are  black. 

Now  cover  the  inside  of  the  back  of  the  head  with  paste, 
lay  the  neck  on  the  head  and  cover  that  too  with  paste  (Fig. 
137).  Then  fit  the  front  of  the  head  to  the  back  and  press 
it  down  until  the  two  halves,  wMth  the  twig  between,  are  pasted 
firmly  together.  In  the  same  way  paste  on  the  hands  and 
feet.     IMake  Daffy's  dress  of  yellow  tissue-paper,  the  color 


Fig.  145— Da£Fy-down-dilly. 


Little  Twig  People 


85 


of  a  daffodil.  Cut  a  circle  for  the  skirt  with  a  small  hole  in 
the  centre  and  slit  it  down  the  back;  then  draw  it  through 
your  hands  to  shape  it  and  make  it  hang  nicely. 

Cut  out  a  little  waist  with  pointed  sleeves,  like  Fig.  146, 
and  a  pointed  collar,  like  Fig.  147.  Make  the  waist  double 
with  the  fold  at  the  top,  cut  a  hole  for  the  neck,  and  slit  down 
the  back.     Use  green  tissue-paper  for  the  collar. 

Put  the  waist  on  the  doll,  gather  it  at  the  belt  line,  front  and 
back,  and  paste.    Paste  it  also  at  the  neck  and  along  the  under 


Fig.  146— Waist  of  Daffy. 


Fig.  147— Collar  of  Daffy. 


edge  of  the  sleeves.  Paste  the  skirt  to  the  waist  at  the  belt, 
bring  the  edges  of  the  slit  together  at  the  back,  lap  them,  and 
paste.  Wrap  a  strip  of  the  yellow  paper  around  the  waist 
for  a  belt,  then  put  the  collar  around  the  neck,  and  fasten  with 
a  touch  of  paste. 

Jack-be-Nimble 

came  from  the  elm  tree.  He  is  ten  inches  tall  from  his  cap 
to  the  sole  of  his  shoe  (Fig.  148).  You  will  find  his  head  in 
Fig.  140.  C  (Fig.  144)  is  the  pattern  for  his  hands,  and 
D  (Fig.  144)  the  pattern  for  his  feet,  which  are  made  of 
brown  paper.  His  brilliant  costume  is  fashioned  of  orange- 
colored  tissue-paper.  Cut  the  coat  like  Fig.  149,  making  it 
double,  with  the  fold  at  the  top  of  the  high  flaring  collar. 
Cut  a  hole  for  the  neck  and  make  a  small  slit  down  in  front, 
then  turn  back  the  points  of  the  collar  at  the  neck.     To 


86 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


avoid  slitting  the  coat,  all  the  way  to  the  bottom,  put  it  on 
little  Jack  before  you  adjust  his  head.  His  neck  can  be 
slipped  through  the  hole  without  trouble;  then  the  edges 
of  the  coat  are  pasted  together.     Each  leg   of   the   short 

trousers  is  made  sepa- 
rately, of  an  oblong  piece  of 
tissue-paper.  This  is  gath- 
ered at  the  knee  and  waist 
line  and  pasted  in  place 
(Fig.  150).  If  the  stripes  on 
Jack's  cap  are  painted  or- 
ange color  and  his  pointed 
shoes  are  also  orange,  the 
effect  of  his  bright  costume 
will  be  still  more  glowing. 

The  Little  Crooked  Man 

belongs  to  the  fir-tree  fam- 
ily, and  as  he  is  clothed 
only  in  his  little  rough  suit 
of  brown  bark,  you  can  see  (Fig.  151)  how  the  twigs  grow 
that  form  his  arms  and  legs.  These  are  in  such  positions 
and  have  such  peculiar  curves  he  would  look  as  if  running 
even  without  hands  and  feet,  but  the  proper  adjustment  of 
hands  as  well  as  feet  em})hasizes  the  action.  Both  are 
turned  in  the  direction  in  which  he  is  going,  and  one  foot  is 
lifted  while  the  other  rests  on  its  heel,  giving  the  stepping- 
forward  effect. 

You  will  find  the  Crooked  Man's  head  in  Fig.  141.  His 
hands  are  cut  from  brown  paper,  like  C  (Fig.  144),  and  his 
feet,  which  are  also  brown,  are  like  E  (Fig.  144). 

Little  Miss  Mufifet 

the  largest  of  the  dolls  (Fig.  152),  is  twenty  inches  high.  Her 
head  (Fig.  139)  measures  four  inches  from  top  to  chin  and 


Fig.  148 — Jack-be-iiimble. 


Little  Twig  People 


87 


four  inches  across  at  its  widest  part.     Her  hands  are  made  of 
brown  paper,  like  F  (Fig.  144),  and  her  high-heeled  shoes,  like 


Fig.  149 — Pattern  of  Jack-bc-nimble's  coat.         Fig.  150 — Each  leg  of  the  trousers 

is  made  separately. 

G  (Fig.  144),  are  black.     Her  head  is  tilted  to  one  side  and 
the  thumbs  of  both  hands  turn  in. 

You  can  make  Miss  Muffet's  dress  any  color  you  like,  the 
brighter  and  gayer  the  better.     Cut  the  skirt  and  waist  as 


Fig.  151 — The  Little  Crooked  Man. 


Fig.  152— I-ittle  Miss  Muffet. 


88 


Little  Folks    Handy  Book 


you  did  for  Daffy-down-dilly,  but  do  not  point  the  sleeves. 
Make  an  apron  of  two  squares  of  white  tissue-paper— a  large 
and  a  small  one.  Use  the  large  square  for  the  skirt  of  the 
apron  and  the  small  square  for  the  bib.  Gather  the  top  edge 
of  the  large  square  and  the  bottom  edge  of  the  small  square, 
and  paste  to  the  dress  at  the  belt  line;  then  make  a  white 
belt  and  tie  in  a  bow  at  the  back. 

For  the  hat,  cut  a  circle  of  tissue-paper  the  color  of  the 
dress,  put  a  little  paste  in  the  centre,  and  pinch  it  down  on  the 


Fig.  153— Peter  White. 


Fig.  154 — Doctor  Foster. 


top  loop  of  Miss  Muffet's  hair,  tipping  it  a  little  to  one  side. 
This  will  give  a  crown.  Turn  up  the  brim  at  the  back  and 
lift  it  in  front  to  stand  out  straight.  Fringe  a  small  piece  of 
black  paper  for  a  feather  and  paste  it  to  the  crown  of  the  hat. 


Peter  White 

is  sturdy  compared  with  the  other  people  (Fig.  153).  He 
came  from  the  cherry  tree  and  is  ten  inches  high.  The  main 
stem,  to  which  the  smaller  twigs  are  attached,  forms  his  neck, 


Little  Twig  People 


89 


body,  and  left  leg,  and  is  so  large  that  both  neck  and  ankle 
had  to  be  shaved  off  somewhat  before  his  head  and  left  shoe 
could  be  pasted  on.  Originally  the  twig  that  forms  his  left 
arm  extended  beyond  the  joint  at  the  elbow,  but  it  was  cut 
off,  and  the  smaller  twig  was  allowed  to  remain  to  give  the 
comical  bend  to  the  arm  which  adds  greatly  to  the  appearance 
of  the  haste  and  the  swinging  arms  of  a  pedestrian. 

Peter  White's  head  is  given  in  Fig.  142.  His  brown  hands 
are  cut  like  H  (Fig.  144),  and  his  black  shoes  like  I  (Fig.  144). 

This  doll  is  the  only  one  whose  head  is  in  profile,  but  it 
shows  that  when  the  shape  of  the  twig  suggests  it,  a  profile 
is  very  effective;  and  it  is  usually  the  easiest  for  children  to 
draw. 

Doctor  Foster 

is  also  ten  inches  high  (Fig.  154).     His  head,  with  smiling 

face,  is  given  in  Fig.  143.   His 

brown    paper   hands  are  cut 

like  J  (Fig.  144),  and  his  black 

shoes  like  E  (Fig.  144).     He 

wears  his  trousers  quite  short, 

that  they  may  not  get  wet  in  the 

famous  Gloster  puddle,  or  if 

they  do  they  will  dry  quickly. 

The    trousers    are    made    of 

wrapping  paper,  double,  of  course,   and  pasted  together  at 

the  edges  after  they  have  been  adjusted.     They  are  cut  like 

Fig-  155- 


Fig.  155 — Doctor  Foster's  short  trousers. 


CHAPTER  XII 

VISITING-CARD   HOUSES 

From  old  visiting  cards  you  can  build  all  the  different 
houses  and  furniture  seen  in  the  accompanying  illustrations. 
For  the  little 

Tropical  House 

in  Uncle  Sam's  newly  acquired  possessions  (Fig.  156),  select 
eight  of  your  largest  and  stiff  est  visiting  cards;  these  are  for 


■ 

1 

I 

1 

■ 

^^H 

rTa^^l 

■ 

Ei 

1 

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^B 

■  -'^^^B 

p5«te 

'■;■■ 

HH^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^HI 

■ 

^  ^31 

Hku 

"^\'  wk'-i€ 

<»»— ■ 

i 

^ 

k.  ^r 

h^^^H 

Ah 

f 
k 

T^ 

^Ei^H^^H 

B^^^^H 

k 

f 

■  1^ 

v"i  "^  ^^^^^^^^^^R^^H 

^■^^^^^H 

■i 

, 

■1 

"_!■ 

1 J _iHbmRW^H 

^B^^^^^^H 

-Jmt 

um^^?-'~^'^W% 

^HBfl^^^l 

J  v^Hi  1  ^^^V7i%«^^H 

m^m'v 

^m 

y 

i 

1 

■ 

J 

1 

Jrli^Hir  ^1 

Fig.  156 — The  little  tropical  house  in  Uncle  Sam's  newly  acquired  possessions.    Made  of  old 

visiting  cards. 

the  four  walls  of  the  first  or  lower  story  of  the  house.  If  the 
cards  are  not  alike  in  size,  make  them  so  by  trimming  off  the 
edges  of  the  larger  cards. 

Place  two  of  the  cards  together  and  cut  two  slashes,  one  on 
each  side  of  the  centre,  through  one  end  of  the  double  layer 
(Fig.  157).     Slide  the  two  cut  ends  together,  allowing  the 

90 


Visiting- Card  Houses 


91 


centre  divisions,  A  (Fig.  157),  to  lie,  one  over  and  one  under 
the  two  cards.  This  will  bring  under  the  side  divisions  B 
and  B  (Fig.  157),  on  the  card  whose  centre  division  A  comes 
on  top,  while  the  divisions  B  and  B  of  the  other  card  will 


I 


B 


P 


cJfiuJi^nuy 


B 


Fig.  157 — Place  two  cards  together 
and  cut  two  slashes. 


Fig.  158 — Slide  the  cards  together  this  way. 


come  over  on  the  outside  (Fig.  158).  Fasten  all  of  the 
remaining  cards  together  in  pairs  in  the  same  manner;  then 
cut  a  long  slit  near  the  outer  edge  of  each  of  the  four  pairs  of 
cards,  C  and  C  (Fig.  159).     Slide  the  walls  together  at  right 


1 

c 

c 

Fig.  159 — Slide  the  two  cards  together  this  way  to 
make  the  wall. 


Fig.  160 — Slide  the  walls  together  at 
right  angles  by  means  of  long  slits. 


angles,  and  form  a  square  by  means  of  the  long  slits.  Do  this 
by  holding  the  open  end  of  one  long  slit  in  one  wall  under,  and 
at  right  angles  to  the  open  end  of  one  long  slit  in  another  wall, 
and  then  fitting  the  two  walls  into  each  other  so  that  they  will 
stand  firm  and  form  one  corner  of  the  lower  story  of  the 
house  (Fig.  160). 

Strengthen  the  house  with  an  extra  inside  wall.  Cut  long 
slits  in  each  end  of  the  extra  wall,  then  a  long  slit  near  the 
centre  of  each  side  wall  in  which  to  fit  the  extra  wall. 


02 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


dJ 

cMu  Tf^ 

//mtM/ 

Br^3pr£>twi        N 

Dl 

— H  '     ' —         ^ 5 

Fig.  161 — Cut  short  slits  on  the  end  of  the  ce'ling 
cards. 


Make  the  ceiling  of  the  lower  story  of  two  more  pairs  of 
cards  fastened  together  like  Fig.  158,  and  on  the  ends  of  each 
pair  of  cards  cut  similar  divisions,  only  have  them  quite  short 

(Fig.  161).  Bend  down 
all  of  the  end  divisions 
and  fit  the  strips  over 
across  the  top  of  the 
first  story  from  front  to 
back,  bringing  the  two 
corner  divisions,  D  and 
D  (Fig.  1 61), on  the  out- 
side of  the  wall,  while 
you  slide  the  centre  part,  E,  on  the  inside  (Fig.  162).  Dotted 
lines  indicate  the  division  E  on  the  inside. 

The  second  story  must  be  built  entire  before  it  can  be  fas- 
tened on  top  of  the  first  story. 

Make  each  of  the  four  walls  of  the  second  story  three  cards 
long.  Cut  divisions  on  both  ends  of  the  middle  card  to  fit 
in  the  end  cards  (Fig.  163). 

When  cutting  divisions,  always  fit  together  the  two  cards 
that  are  to  be  joined,  and  cut  through  the  double  layer,  which 
will  insure  having  the  divisions  alike. 

When  the  four  walls  are  ready  to  be  put  together,  cut  a 
window  in  the  two  end  cards  of  the  wall  which  you  intend 
for  the  front  (Fig.  164).  Only  the  lower  edge  and  sides  of  the 
window  may  be  cut;  the  upper  edge  is  merely  bent  and  throws 
the  solid  window  shutter,  formed  of  the  piece  cut,  outward, 
as  shown  in  the  photograph. 

Slide  the  four  walls  together  and  add  a  fifth  wall,  to  run 
through  the  centre  from  side  to  side,  for  strength.  Use  the 
long  slit  method  for  joining  the  centre  wall  to  the  side  walls. 
When  built,  turn  the  second  story  upside  down  and  fit  a 
strip  of  three  cards,  bridge-like,  over  the  centre  from  front  to 
back,  and  fasten  it  to  the  bottom  of  the  walls  as  you  attached 
the  ceiling  of  the  first  story;  then  fit  on  another  strip  in  like 


Visiting- Card  Houses 


93 


manner  over  the  centre  from  side  to  side,  and  fasten  it  to  the 
bottom  of  the  side  walls.  The  two  strips  will  cross  each 
other  at  their  centres,  one  lying  at  right  angles  over  the  other. 


Fig.  162 — Fasten  ceiling  on  lower  story 
by  sliding  the  centre  division  inside, 
and  the  two  side  divisions  outside,  the 
wall. 


Fig.  163— Middle  card  for  wall  of 
second  story. 


Carefully  lift  the  second  story  and  adjust  it  squarely  and 

evenly  on  top  of  the  first  story,  as  in  the  photograph  (Fig.  1 56) . 

Make  the  projecting  roof  of  the  second  story  of  four  strips 


Fig.  164 — Walls  for  second  story. 
Details   of    the    visiting-card   houses. 

of  four  cards  each.  Run  the  strips  from  side  to  side  of  the 
house  and  lap  them  a  trifle,  one  over  the  other.  The  roof 
is  merely  laid  on  and  is  supported  by  the  walls. 

The  peak  is  made  of  two  strips  of  two  cards  each,  and  slid 
into  a  base  of  one  strip  of  three  cards  by  means  of  long 
slits.  At  the  apex  the  cards  are  also  fastened  together  with 
long  slits. 

The  little  summer-house  in  Fig.  156  has  each  of  the  four 
sides  made  of  one  card.     The  cards  are  fastened  together 


94 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


by  means  of  long  slits.     A  doorway  opening  is  cut  in  the  front 
wall,  much  in  the  same  manner  as  the  windows  are  cut  in  the 


Fig.  165 — Pagoda. 


large  house,  only  in  this  case  the  incision  is  made  directly  on 
the  lower  edge  of  the  card,  and,  when  finished,  the  lower  half 


Visiting-Card  Houses  95 

of  the  door  is  cut  off.  The  door  is  bent  outward  and  forms,  a 
h'ttle  canopy  for  the  open  doorway,  as  in  the  photograph. 

Make  the  roof  of  two  strips  of  cards  of  two  cards  each  by 
merely  laying  the  strips  across  the  top  opening  of  the  house. 

Fasten  the  ends  of  the  two  cards  together  with  long  slits 
to  form  the  apex  of  the  peak,  and  bend  the  bottom  ends  of  the 
cards  out  flat,  so  the  peak  will  stand  steady  on  the  roof. 

If  the  children  would  like  to  keep  the  buildings  intact  to 
play  with  at  any  future  time,  as  they  build  up  the  structures 
let  them  add  a  little  glue  or  strong  paste  here  and  there  to  hold 
the  various  parts  firmly  together.  The  toys  will  then  last 
a  long  time  and  stand  considerable  wear. 

Tissue-paper  trees  in  spools  furnish  the  foliage  in  the 
photograph,  while  a  miniature  flag,  with  its  pole  supported 
in  an  empty  spool,  shows  the  nation  to  which  the  country 
belongs. 

Cut  little  paper  people  from  cardboard  and  place  them  on 
the  grounds. 

A  fine  setting  for  the  scene  can  be  made  by  tacking  a  piece 
of  green  canton  flannel,  fleecy  side  uppermost,  taut  over  a 
pastry  board,  or  pinning  it  on  a  piece  of  the  light-weight 
patent  straw  pasteboard. 

The  fleecy  green  gives  the  appearance  of  grass,  and  when 
the  glistening  white  buildings  are  set  down  on  the  grass 
among  the  trees  with  Old  Glory  floating  overhead,  and  gaily 
dressed  dolls  in  the  foreground,  the  children  will  be  delighted 
with  the  scene;  nor  will  the  appreciation  be  confined  to  the 
children,  for  older  people  will  also  enjoy  it. 

The  Pagoda 

in  Fig.  165  is  extremely  easy  to  build.  Make  the  base  square 
of  four  cards  fastened  together  with  long  slits.  On  this 
foundation  build  up  one  card  on  the  front  and  one  on  the 
back,  by  cutting  two  short  slits  on  the  lower  edge  of  the 


96  Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 

lengthwise  bottom  of  the  cards,  one  slit  near  each  end 
(Fig.  i66),  and  sliding  one  card  across  the  front  on  the  uncut 
top'edges  of  the  sides  of  the  foundation  by  means  of  the  slits; 

then  fastening  the  other  card  across 
the  back  from  side  to  side  in  like 
manner.  On  top  of  these  two  cards 
build  two  more,  reaching  across  the 
sides  from  front  to  back.  Continue 
building  in  this  way  until  the  pagoda 
is  ten  stories  high.     The  projections 

Fic.  166— Cut  one  slit  near  each  ,  .  ,  i         f  .  i 

end.  along  the  sides  are  made  of  two  long 

narrow  cards  each,  the  two  cards  fastened  together  at  the 
centre  like  Fig.  158;  then  the  ends  are  bent  up  and  the  strip 
laid  across  from  side  to  side  on  the  top  edge  of  the  two  side 
cards  which  form  every  other  story.  The  apex  roof  is  built 
of  two  cards  with  the  top  edges  fastened  together,  tent-like, 
by  means  of  long  slits,  on  a  foundation  strip  of  two  cards 
bent  u])  at  the  ends. 

The  Furniture 

in  Fig.  167  is  also  made  of  visiting  cards.  Take  two  long, 
narrow  cards,  place  them  together,  and  about  one-third  the 
distance  from  one  end  of  the  double  layer  cut  a  slit  through 
the  two  cards,  extending  it  a  litde  more  than  half-way  across 
the  cards;  then  take  the  cards  apart  and  slide  them  into  each 
other.  Be  sure  that  the  two  short  ends  of  the  cards  come 
together.  Open  out  the  two  short  ends  tent-fashion,  and 
bend  down  one  of  the  long  ends  across  its  centre  for  the  seat, 
leaving  the  other  long  end  erect  to  form  the  back  of  the  chair 
for  the  paper  doll  (Fig.  167).  Make  several  chairs;  then 
make  the  dressing-table.  Place  two  long  cards  evenly  to- 
gether and  cut  a  slash  through  and  more  than  half-way 
across  the  centre  of  the  two  cards.  Slide  the  cards  together, 
making  an  X.     Bend  out  the  top  and  bottom  ends  of  the  X 


Visiting-Card  Houses 


97 


flat.  For  the  top  of  the  table  select  a  rather  large  card,  but 
not  too  wide.  Cut  one  slash  on  each  side  of  the  centre  of  one 
of  the  lengthwise  edges.  This  will  make  three  divisions. 
Cut  corresponding  slashes,  but  much  deeper,  in  one  of  the 
short  ends  of  a  smaller  card,  which  is  to  be  the  mirror.  Trim 
off  the  end  of  the  middle  division  in  the  table  top  and  slide 
the  two  cards  together,  bringing  the  B  and  B  divisions  (Fig. 


Fig.  167 — Card  furniture. 


157)  of  the  mirror  well  forward,  so  that  the  top  of  the  table 
extends  back  beyond  the  mirror;  then  bend  up  the  B  and  B 
divisions  of  the  mirror,  as  in  the  photograph.  Place  the  top 
with  the  mirror  attached  on  the  X,  allowing  the  X  to  come 
back  directly  under  the  mirror  in  order  that  the  top  may  be 
steady.  If  you  paste  a  piece  of  silver  paper  or  tinfoil  well 
smoothed  out  on  the  card  for  the  mirror,  the  dressing-table 
will,  from  a  little  distance,  appear  quite  realistic. 


CHAPTER  XIII 

PLAYING  INDIANS  WITH  COSTUMES  MADE  OF  NEWSPAPERS 

The  best  framework  for  a  newspaper  wigwam  can  be  made 
of  long- handled  feather  dusters,  but  long-handled  brushes,  or 
poles  of  any  kind  you  may  happen  to  have,  will  answer  the  pur- 
pose; all  that  is  nec- 
essary is  something 
you  can  make  into  a 
framework  similar  to 
Fig.  1 68.  Tie  your 
poles  together  at  the 
top  and  spread  them 
out  at  the  base,  tent- 
fashion. 
Make  the 

Covering  for  the 
Wigwam 

of   six  large   double 

Fig.  168— Framework  for  wigwam.  shcetS    of    neWSpapeF 

pasted  together. 
Only  three  poles  will  be  needed  when  the  covering  is  of 
newspaper,  but  if  you  do  not  happen  to  have  enough  news- 
papers on  hand  for  the  entire  outfit  of  tepees  and  costumes, 
you  can  use  a  white  muslin  sheet  for  the  wigwam,  in  which 
case  four  poles  will  be  needed  (Fig.  169).  The  sheet,  not 
being  stiff  like  the  paper,  requires  more  supports  to  make  it 
stand  out  sufficiently.     Should  it  be  inclined  to  fall  in  between 

98 


Playing  Indians 


99 


the  poles,  pull  it  out  a  little  and  lay  a  book  over  the  edge 

which  lies  on  the  floor,  as  a  weight,  to  keep  the  sheet  in  place. 

If  you  would  like  the  wigwam  decorated  in  real  Indian 

fashion,  cut  out  large  colored  paper  pictures  and  paste  them 


Fig.  169 — Look  at  our  newspaper  Indian  costumes.     We  are  playing  Indians. 


around  the  lower  part  of  the  wigwam,  forming  a  band  of 
pictures.  Be  the  covering  either  cloth  or  paper,  it  will  look 
well  decorated,  but  the  covering  must  be  taken  off  and  the 
pictures  pasted  on.  The  covering  should  then  be  adjusted 
over  the  poles.     One  great  beauty  and  attraction  of  this 


100 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


newspaper  Indian  material  is  that  effective  results  can  be 
produced  quickly  and  with  little  work. 
Make 

Moccasins 

of  newspaper,  cut  like  the  pattern  (Fig,  170).  For  a  small 
pair  the  paper  should  measure  fifteen  inches  in  length  and 
three  and  a  half  inches  in  width;  larger  sizes  require  larger 
paper. 

Fringe  the  central  portion  of  the  longest  edge  according  to 
the  fringe  lines  on  Fig.  170.  Cut  the  two  boundary  lines  of 
fringe,  A  and  A,  up  to  the  dotted  line;   then  bend  down  all 


B 


Fig.  170 — Cut  moccasins  this  way. 


Fig.  171 — The  newspaper  moccasin. 


dotted  lines.  Bring  the  two  ends  together,  allowing  the  fringe 
to  come  on  the  outside,  and  fit  the  point  B  over  the  other  point 
This  finishes  the  newspaper  moccasin  (Fig.  171). 


B 


Make 


The  Little  Dress  Skirt 


of  two  newspapers  pasted  together  along  the  shortest  edge, 
then  folded  lengthwise  through  the  centre,  and  the  two  lower 
loose  ends  cut  into  a  deep  fringe.  This  skirt  needs  no  belt; 
it  should  be  simply  fastened  together  at  the  back  over  the 
ordinary  dress  with  safety-pins. 

Use  one  sheet  of  paper  for  the  litde  fringed  sacque.  Allow 
the  paper  to  remain  folded  along  the  white  central  band,  and 
fold  the  double  layers  crosswise  through  the  centre,  making 
four  thicknesses.  Cut  an  opening  for  the  head  according  to 
dotted  line  C  (Fig.  172).  Fringe  the  sides  along  dotted  line 
D,  as  shown  in  diagram  (Fig.  172). 


Playing  Indians 


101 


Unfold  carefully,  that  the  paper  may  not  tear,  and  after 
cutting  a  slit  from  the  neck  partially  down  the  centre  of  the 
front,  you  will  have  Fig.  173.    If  you  wish  to  make  the  garment 


Fig.  172 — Newspaper  folded 
ready  for  making  little 
squaw's  sacque. 


Fig.  173 — Little  squaw's  newspaper  sacque. 


less  liable  to  tear,  paste  narrow  strips  of  muslin  on  the  under 
side  of  the  sacque,  around  the  neck,  down  each  side  of  the 
slit,  and  at  the  head  of  the  fringe. 

From  a  folded  piece  of  newspaper  cut  the  little  squaw  ahead- 
dress  (Fig.  174).  Let  the  top  of  the  feather  come  on  the  fold 
of  the  paper.  Turn 
over  and  crease.down 
the  straight  edge  of 
the    band    at     the    ^___^. 

dotted  line  (Fig.  174),    \ 

making  four  layers. 

Crown    the    little 
girl  with  the  head-dress,  pinning  the  ends  together  at  the  back 
with  a  safety-pin.     Slip  the  moccasins  on  her  feet,  fastening 
them  to  the  toe  of  the  shoe  with  a  little  stiff  paste,  and  your 


Fig.  174 — Head-dress. 


102 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


charming  little  squaw  will  be  ready  to  play  in  the  wigwam 

(Fig.  175)-  ,  , 

Older  girls  can  make  the  Indian  costume  from  the  same 

patterns  by  cutting  them  larger. 

The  Indian  boy  needs  a  lot  of  fringed  newspaper  for  his 

costume.     Cut  folded  strips  to  make  the  fringe  thick  and  in 

two  layers.     Fold  down  the  solid   edge  of  one  strip  and 


Fig.  175 — Charming  little  squaw. 


Fig.  176 — Young  Indian  chief. 


with  safety-pins  fasten  the  fold  along  the  outside  line  of  the 
boy's  trousers  and  stockings,  as  in  the  photograph  (Fig. 
176).  Trim  the  other  trouser  leg  and  stocking  in  the  same 
manner. 

Cut  a  generous  strip  of  double-layer  fringe  to  fasten  entirely 
around  the  boy's  shoulders,  extending  across  both  back  and 
chest.  Reinforce  the  top  edge  of  the  band  of  fringe,  and 
along  the  line  where  the  solid  paper  meets  the  fringe,  with 
strips  of  muslin,  pasted  on,  to  prevent  tearing. 


Playing  Indians 


103 


For  the  chief's 


Feather  Head-Dress 


cut  a  folded  strip  of  newspaper  long  enough  to  encircle  the 
boy's  head  and  allow  for  a  lap — twenty-two  inches  will 
probably  be  correct.  Make  the  strip  six  inches  wide;  the 
tops  of  the  feathers  must  be  along  the  folded  edge.  Let  the 
feathers  be  fully  four  inches  high,  and  allow  a  space  of  one 
inch  on  the  band  at  the  base  of  each  feather,  F  (Fig.  177). 
The  widest  part  of  each  feather  should  be  one  and  three- 
quarters  inches.     Make  the  band  four  thicknesses  by  folding 


Fig.  177 — Newspaper  cut  for  chief's 
head-dress. 


Fig.  178 — Separate  and  open  out  the  lower  length- 
wise halves  of  the  head-dress  which  falls  down 
the  back. 


it  over  at  the  dotted  line;  then  crease  each  separate  feather  on 
the  right  side  lengthwise,  through  the  centre,  to  stiffen  them 
and  insure  their  standing  erect.  Cut  another  long  strip  of 
feathers  in  the  same  way,  to  fall  from  the  head  down  the  back. 
On  this  strip  paste  the  front  and  back  of  each  feather  together 
at  its  base.  Also  paste  together  lengthwise  the  upper  portion 
of  the  band,  and,  instead  of  folding  as  you  did  the  first  band, 
separate  and  open  out  its  two  lower  lengthwise  halves. 
Crease  them  backward  away  from  each  other,  so  that  the 
feathers  may  stand  erect  and  the  band  be  at  right  angles  on 
each  side  of  the  feathers  (Fig.  178). 

The  open  base  of  the  band  lying  against  the  boy's  back 
causes  the  feathers  to  stand  out  and  not  fall  flat  and  spoil  the 


104 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


effect,  as  they  otherwise  might  do.     The  photograph  of  the 
boy  chieftain  standing  was  taken  expressly  that  you  might  see 
exacdy  how  the  newspaper  costume  of  the  Indian  brave 
should  look. 
Make  the 

Calumet 

of  a  strip  of  newspaper  live  inches  wide  and  about  thirty-two 
inches  long.     Hold  one  corner  between  your  thumb  and  first 


Fig.  179 — Begin  rolling  paper  strip 
for  calumet  this  way. 


Fig.  180 — Continue  rolling  the  paper. 


finger  and  roll  the  paper  as  if  you  were  making  a  lighter 
(Fig.  179).  When  you  have  rolled  it  to  the  opposite  corner, 
E,  remove  your  fingers  and  let  the  paper  unroll.  Smooth  out 
the  rolled  corners  until  it  springs  back  into  a  large  roll  about 
three-quarters  of  an  inch  in  diameter  (Fig.  180). 

When  the  corner  roll  is  the  right  size,  continue  to  roll  the 
paper  until  a  long  round  stick  is  formed  (Fig.  181).  Paste 
the  loose  end  of  the  stick  on  the  roll  and  cut  both  ends  off 
even,  as  indicated  by  the  dotted  lines  in  Fig.  181. 


Playing  Indians 


105 


Bend  the  paper  roll  about  six  and  a  half  inches  from  one 
end,  and  bring  the  bent  portion  over  against  and  on  top  of 

Fiu.  181 — Stick  of  rolled  paper  for  calumet. 

the  roll.  Pin  the  fold  down  on  the  roll  three  inches  from  the 
bend;  then  turn  up  the  open  end  to  form  the  bowl  of  the 
pipe,  which  you  must  make  stand  erect  should  it  seem  inclined 
to  lean  (Fig.  182). 


Fig.  182 — Paper  roll  bent  and  pinned  into  a  calumet. 


1 


CHAPTER  XIV 

CHRISTMAS-TREE   DECORATIONS 

Fig.    183   is  the  photograph  of  a  Christmas  tree  whose 
trimming  is  entirely  home-made.     The  brilliant  colors  and 


Fig.  183 — The  Christmas  tree  with  home- 
made decorations. 


Fig.  184— The  Christmas  star. 


shining  gilt  of  the  papers  used,  give  a  sparkle  and  life  that  are 
most  captivating,  and  the  ornaments  are  so  easily  made  that 
the  children  themselves  can  do  much  toward  decorating  a 
tree  in  this  manner. 

106 


Christmas- Tree  Decorations 


107 


At  the  top  of  the  tree,  shining  above  all  other  ornaments,  is 


The  Christmas  Star 


(Fig.  184),  and  this  is  the  way  to  make  it: 

From  a  piece  of  cardboard  cut  an  oblong  with  the  top  and 
bottom  edges  five  and  a  quarter  inches  long  and  the  side 
edges  just  five  inches  long  (Fig.  185).  Now,  exactly  in  the 
middle  at  the  top  edge,  make  a  dot,  A  (Fig.  185);  then  on 
each  side  edge  make  a  dot,  BB  (Fig.  185).  On  the  bottom 
edge,  one  inch  from  each 
bottom  corner,  make  the 
dotsCC.  With  the  aid  of  a 
ruler  draw  the  lines  con- 
necting these  points,  as 
shown  in  Fig.  185.  This 
gives  a  perfect  five-pointed 
star,  five  inches  high.  Cut 
the  star  out,  cover  its  en- 
tire surface  with  a  coat  of 
paste,  and  lay  over  it  a 
smooth  piece  of  gilt  paper, 
pressing  out  the  fulness 
and    creases.     When   the 

paste  is  dry,  cut  away  the  paper  from  the  edges,  and  there 
will  remain  a  gilt  star,  firm  and  stiff  enough  to  stand  up 
bravely. 

But  this  is  not  all.  There  are  to  be  a  number  of  gold- 
tipped  rays  flaming  out  from  the  star  to  represent  its  spread- 
ing light.  For  these  rays  select  ten  broom  straws  with  two 
prongs.  Trim  the  prongs  evenly,  shorten  the  stems  at  the 
bottom,  and  spread  the  prongs  apart  (Fig.  186).  Now,  cut 
twenty  strips  of  gold  paper  half  an  inch  wide  and  a  little 
over  four  inches  long.  Lay  one  strip  down,  cover  the  wrong 
side  with  paste,  place  three  broom  straws  with  their  prongs 
resting  on  the  paste  side  of  the  paper,  and  press  another 


Fig.  185 — Draw  the  star  like  this. 


108 


Little  Folks'  Handtj  Booh 


strip  of  gold  paper  over  the  first,  inclosing  the  tips  of  the 
straws.  This  will  give  a  gold  paper  on  both  sides  of  the 
straws.     Then,  when  the  paste  is  dry,  cut  away  the  paper, 


Fig.  186— Place  three  broom  straws  on  the 
paper. 


Fig.  187 — One  triangle  cut  out. 


leaving  a  gold  triangle  on  the  tip  of  each  prong  of  each 
broom  straw.  Fig.  187  shows  one  triangle  cut  out.  Treat 
all  of  your  broom-straw  rays  in  this  way,  then  cover  with 
paste  the  centre  of  the  wrong  side  of  the  star  up  to  the  points, 

lay  two  straws  in  place,  the 
stems  crossing,  as  in  Fig.  188, 
and  over  the  stems  press  a 
short  strip  of  white  paper,  like 
D  (Fig.  188),  pasting  it  down 
securely.  Adjust  the  other 
rays  between  the  points  of  the 
star,  and  fasten  in  place  in  the 
same  manner. 

To  hold  the  star  upright, 
make  a  lighter  from  a  strip  of 
white  writing-paper  for  a  stem. 
Flatten  the  top  of  the  lighter, 
cut  it  off  evenly,  and  paste  it 
on  the  back  of  the  star  between  the  two  lower  points,  as  in 
Fig.  188.  Over  the  stems  of  the  broom  straws  and  the  end  of 
the  lighter  paste  a  white  paper  lining  that  will  reach  part 
way  up  each  point  of  the  star.     This  lining  should  be  made 


Fig.  188 — Paste  the  straws  on  the  star. 


Christmas-  Tree  Decorafion.9 


100 


before  the  rays  are  pasted  to  the  star,  by  laying  the  star  on 
white  paper,  tracing  around  its  edges  with  a  jjencil,  cutting 


Fig.  189 — The  Christmas  bells  that  dangle  alluringly. 


out  the  white  paper  star,  and  then  clipping  off  about  one  inch 
of  the  points.     The  gold  star  will  look  like  Fig.  184. 

Not  the  least  effective  trimmings  on  the  tree  are  the  little 

Christmas  Bells 

that  hang  by  strings  from  the  tips  of  the  branches  and  dangle 
alluringly.  They  are  of  different  sizes,  and  some  are  made 
of  gilt,  others  of  colored  paper  (Fig.  i8g). 


110 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


For  a  bell  three  and  a  half  inches  high  (a  very  good  size), 
cut  a  strip  of  paper  three  and  a  half  inches  wide  and  seven 
inches  long,  curve  it  into  the  cone  shape  shown  in  Fig.  190, 
and  pin  together.  Cut  off  the  point  that  laps  over,  according 
to  the  dotted  line,  also  the  point  that  laps  under,  leaving  a 
litde  over  half  an  inch  for  the  final  lap.  Trim  off  the  bottom 
points  even  with  the  shortest  part  of  the  bottom  edge,  as 


Fio.  190— Curve  the 
paper  into  a  cone. 


Fio.  191— Trim  off 
the  bottom  points. 


Fir,.  192— The  pattern  of  the  bells. 


shown  by  the  curved,  dotted  line,  and  you  will  have  Fig.  191. 
Fig.  191  opened  out  will  give  you  Fig.  192,  which  will  be  the 
pattern  for  other  bells. 

As  Fig.  192  lies  flat  on  the  table,  run  the  paste  brush  along 
one  side  edge,  making  the  coat  of  paste  as  wide  as  the  lap  is 
to  be,  then  curve  the  bell  into  shape.  Make  the  bottom 
edges  meet  evenly  and  press  the  paste-covered  edge  over  the 
other  side  edge.  Hold  the  finger  inside  the  bell  while  you  do 
this,  to  keep  it  from  flattening. 

The  clapper  is  made  of  two  round  disks  of  gold  paper  with 
the  string  pasted  between  them.  For  the  bell  we  are  now 
making,  the  clapper  should  be  almost  one  inch  in  diameter. 
Fold  a  piece  of  gilt  paper  and  cut  out  the  two  disks  at  one 
time  (Fig.  193).  Cover  the  wrong  side  of  one  disk  with 
paste,  lay  the  end  of  a  string  across  the  middle  (Fig.  194), 
and  press  the  other  disk  on  top.  Both  sides  of  the  clapper 
will  then  be  gilt.     Hold  the  clapper  up  to  the  bell  by  the 


Christmas- Tree  Decorations 


111 


string,  so  that  half  of  the  clapper  is  below  the  bottom  edge  of 
the  bell;  then,  bringing  the  string  close  to  the  point  at  the  top 
of  the  bell,  run  a  pin  through  the  string  to  mark  the  distance. 
Where  the  pin  is,  tie  a  knot,  F  (Fig.  194);  this  is  to  hold  the 


Fig.  194 — Paste  the  strings 
between  the  two  disks. 


Fig.  195 — The  clapper  in  the  bell. 


clapper  in  its  proper  position.  Thread  the  end  of  the  string 
through  the  eye  of  a  darning-needle  and  push  the  needle  up 
through  the  point  of  the  bell — the  knot  will  keep  the  string 
from  running  up  too  far  (Fig.  195).  Allow  eight  or  ten  inches 
of  string  above  the  bell,  so  that  it  may  be  hung  high  or  low,  as 


112  Little  Folks'  Handy  Booh 

desired.     A  bell  should  never  be  tied  close  to  a  branch,  D 
should  hang  down  far  enough  to  sway  with  every  passing 


Fig.  196 — The  frosty  snow  pocket. 

current  of  air.     The  long  string  also  adds  to  the  decorative 
effect. 

The  Snow  Pocket 

(Fig.  196)  is  another  pretty  ornament  and  is  made  with  a  few 
snips  of  the  scissors. 


Christmas-  Tree  Decorations 


113 


Lit  a  strip  of  white  tissue-paper  five  and  a  half  inches 
wide  and  twenty-two  inches  long.  Fold  the  paper  crosswise 
through  the  middle;  then  fold  it  again  and  again  until  your 
folded  piece  is  one  inch  wide.  The  folds  must  always  be 
across  the  paper  from  start  to  finish  (Fig.  197).  Now,  cut 
slits  in  the  folded  paper,  first  a  slit  on  one  side,  and  then  a  slit 
on  the  other,  as  in  Fig.  198.  Let  the  spaces  between  the 
slits  be  one-eighth  of  an  inch  wide,  and  cut  each  slit  to  within 
one-eighth  of  an  inch  of  the  edge.  When  this  is  done,  care- 
fully unfold  the  paper  and  spread  it  out  flat,  then  lift  the  top 


■mi 


Fig.  197 — Fold  the  pajser  crosswise. 


Fig.  198 — Cut  slits  in  the  folded  paper. 


edge  with  one  hand,  the  bottom  edge  with  the  other,  and 
gently  pull  the  meshes  apart.  Gather  the  top  edge  into  little 
plaits,  and  twist  them  together  in  a  point;  gather  the  bottom 
edge  in  the  same  way  and  twist  that;  then  carefully  pull  the 
snow  pocket  out,  and  you  will  ha\'e  a  long,  narrow  bag  of 
soft,  white  meshes.  If  it  flares  out  too  much,  crush  it  to- 
gether softly  with  your  hand.  Make  a  small  gilt  paper  star 
and  fasten  a  narrow  strip  of  white  tissue-paper  to  its  top  point. 
Open  the  bag,  slip  the  star  inside,  and  suspend  it  half-way 
from  the  top  by  pasting  the  end  of  the  paper  strip  to  the  top 
of  the  bag.  Make  a  loop  of  tissue-paper,  fasten  it  to  the  top 
point  of  the  bag,  and  then  hang  the  snow  pocket  on  the  tree. 
The  gold  star  gleaming  through  the  frosty  meshes  is  very 
pretty,  but  if  you  have  several  snow  pockets,  there  need  not 
be  stars  in  all. 


Jocko,  the  Monkey 

(Fig.  199)  is  not  made  of  paper,  but  of  delectable,  sugary 
raisins.     He  is  a  funny  fellow,  and  will  delight  the  children. 


114 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


Thread  a  clean,  cotton  string  in  a  large  darning-needle, 
then  select  three  of  your  largest  raisins  for  the  body  and  a 
suitably  shaped  one  for  the  head.  There  must  be  three  rai- 
sins for  each  leg,  one  for  each  foot,  and  three  for  each  arm. 


Fig.  199— Jocko. 


Tie  a  knot  in  the  end  of  your  string  and,  beginning  with  one 
foot,  string  on  three  raisins  for  one  leg,  then  the  three  for 
the  body,  and,  lasdy,  the  one  for  the  head.  Tie  a  knot  close 
to  the  top  at  the  head  and  leave  a  long  end  to  the  string. 
Thread  your  needle  again  and  string  on  the  raisins  for  the 
other  foot  and  leg,  then  run  the  needle  up  through  the  lower 


Christmas-  Tree  Decorations 


115 


raisin  of  the  body,  and  fasten  the  second  string  to  the  first 
between  the  two  body  raisins. 

String  three  raisins  for  one  arm,  run  the  needle  through 
the  middle  of  the  top  body  raisin,  where  the  shoulders  should 
be,  then  string  on  the  three  raisins  for  the  other  arm  and  tie 
a  knot  at  the  end.  Jocko  is  all  right  now,  except  that  he  is 
very  limp.     Put  stiffening  into  his  joints  by  running  broom 


Fig.  202 — Jocko's  coat. 


o 


Fig.  201— Jocko's 
hat. 


Fig.  200 — Jocko  ready  to  be 
dressed. 


Fig.  203— Jocko's  skirt. 


Straws  through  his  legs,  body,  and  arms.  Use  a  raisin  stem 
for  the  tail,  and  fasten  it  on  by  pushing  the  largest  end  into 
the  lowest  body  raisin.  Make  the  eyes  by  running  a  short 
piece  of  broom  straw  through  the  head,  allowing  the  ends 
to  stand  out  a  short  distance  in  the  place  for  the  eyes.  Re- 
member a  monkey's  eyes  are  always  close  together,  and  they 
must  be  made  so  in  order  to  look  natural. 

At  this  stage  Jocko  will  resemble  Fig,  200;  but  he  must  have 
clothes  and  a  hat  to  give  the  finishing  touches  and  make  him 
look  like  the  monkeys  the  children  are  familiar  with.  Fig.  201 
is  Jocko's  hat,  Fig.  202  his  coat,  and  Fig.  203  his  little  skirt. 


116 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


Cut  all  of  these  from  bright-colored  cambric  of  a  size  to  fit 
the  monkey.  Fold  a  piece  of  cambric  for  the  coat,  and  cut  it 
out  as  you  would  for  a  paper  doll,  with  the  fold  at  the  top. 
The  skirt  and  hat  are  circular.  Cut  a  round  hole  in  the 
middle  of  the  skirt  for  the  waist,  and  slit  it  down  the  back. 
This  furnishes  the  costume. 

Now,  thread  the  end  of  the  string  from  the  top  of  Jocko's 
head  into  the  darning-needle  and  run  the  needle  through  the 
middle  of  the  hat  (Fig.  200) ;  then  push  the  hat  down  on  his 


Fic.  204— Bring  the 
corners  oi  the 
square  together. 


Fig.  205— Slit  the 
triangle. 


Fig.  206 — Opened  out. 


head.  Fit  the  skirt  around  Jocko's  waist,  and  fasten  it  at 
the  back  with  needle  and  thread;  then  put  on  his  jacket  and 
fasten  that  in  front.  It  is  unnecessary  to  say  that  Jocko  is 
good  to  eat. 

The  Chrysanthemum 

ornament  is  showy  and  pretty;  it  is  also  very  quickly  made. 
Fold  through  the  middle  a  piece  of  bright  orange  tissue- 
paper  six  inches  square.  This  will  give  you  an  oblong. 
Fold  again  through  the  middle  crosswise,  and  you  will  have 
a  smaller  square.     Bring  the  two  opposite  corners  of  the 


Christmas-  Tree  Decorations 


117 


square  together  and  fold  like  Fig.  204;  then  cut  off  the  point 
curving  the  edge,  as  shown  by  the  dotted  line.  The  folded 
part  of  the  triangle  is  at  the  diagonal  in  Fig.  204,  the  edges 
at  the  bottom.     Now  cut  slits  in  your  triangle  like  Fig.  205. 


Fig.  207 — Pinch  the  centre  into  a  point- 


Fig.  208 — The  chrysanthemum  ornament. 


Open  it,  and  you  will  have  Fig.  206.  Make  two  fringed 
circles  like  Fig.  206,  lay  one  on  top  of  the  other,  pinch  the 
centre  in  a  point,  twist  it,  and  draw  the  fringed  ends  together 
(Fig.  207).  Make  a  writing-paper  lighter  for  the  stem,  cover 
the  point  of  the  ornament  with  paste,  insert  it  in  the  large 
end  of  the  lighter,  and  press  together  with  your  fingers  until 
it  holds  tight.     The  result  will  be  like  Fig.  208.     In  fastening 


118 


Little  Folk's  Haridy  Book 


the   chrysanthemum   ornament   on    the  tree,  stand    it   up- 
right and  run  a  pin  through  the  stem  into  one  of  the  small 
branches. 
Strings  of 

Colored  Paper  Disks 

looped  from  branch  to  branch,  take  the  place  of  colored  glass 
balls,  and  add  materially  to  the  beauty  of  the  tree. 

Fig.  209  shows  how  these  strings  are  made.  Red,  gold, 
yellow,  orange,  green,  blue,  and  white  make  pretty  disks,  and 
show  off  well  on  the  tree. 

Cut  your  disks  perfectly  round,  and  in  pairs;  for  they  must 
be  the  same  on  both  sides,  G,  H  (Fig.  209).     You  can  make 

the  disks  on  some  strings 
all  of  one  size;  on  others 
they  may  graduate  down 
to  quite  small  ones  at  the 
ends.  When  the  disks  are 
cut  out,  lay  one  down, 
bottom  side  up,  H  (Fig. 
209).  Cover  this  with 
paste,  then  lay  a  white 
cotton  string  across  the 
disk,  directly  through  the 
middle.  Allow  about  six 
inches  of  the  string  to  ex- 
tend beyond  the  disk,  and 
let  each  string  be  one  yard 
long.  Before  the  paste 
has  time  to  dry,  press  the 
mate  of  the  disk,  G  (Fig. 
209),  on  top  of  H,  over 
the  string,  taking  care  to  have  the  edges  even.  Go  through 
this  process  with  each  disk.  Paste  them  on  the  string  one 
inch  apart,  and  leave  six  inches  of  string  at  the  last  end. 


Fig.  209 — The  colored  paper  disks. 


Christmas-  Tree  Decorations 


119 


Fig.  2IO  is  a  dainty 

Fringed  Ornament 

made  of  colored  and  gilt  paper.  The  foundation  is  a  round 
disk  of  white  writing-paper,  two  inches  in  diameter.  To  this 
is  pasted  the  ends  of  a  narrow  light-blue  ribbon,  long  enough 


Fig.  211— Six  tri- 
angles like  this. 


Fig.  210 — A  fringed  ornament. 

to  form  a  loop  by  which  to  hang  the  ornament.  For  the  rest, 
cut  two  circles  of  light-pink  tissue-paper,  six  inches  in  diam- 
eter, fringe  them  on  the  edges  to  the  depth  of  one  inch, 
making  the  fringe  quite  fine;  then  paste  one  circle  on  one 
side  of  the  foundation,  the  other  circle  on  the  other  side. 
Now,  from  your  gold  paper  cut  six  long,  narrow  triangles, 
and  cut  the  wide  end  into  fringe  two  inches  deep  (Fig.  211). 


120 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


Paste  these  tufts  of  gold  fringe  at  equal  distances  on  the 
pink  circle,  making  the  points  meet  at  the  centre.  Make  a 
smaller,  light-blue,  fringed  circle,  and  a  still  smaller  pink 
circle.     Paste  the  centre  of  the  blue  circle  over  the  centre 


Fig.  212 — Another  ornament. 

of  the  gold  fringe,  and  the  centre  of  the  small  pink  circle 
over  the  centre  of  the  blue.  Cut  out  a  small,  eight-pointed 
gold  star  and  paste  directly  in  the  middle  of  the  pink  circle. 
You  can  vary  this  kind  of  ornament  in  a  number  of  ways. 
Fig.  212  shows  another  made  on  the  same  principle. 


Christmas-  Tree  Decorations 


121 


The  crowning  glory  of  every  Christmas  tree  is  its 

Candles 

and,  whether  lighted  or  not,  they  are  always  prominently  in 
evidence.     Of  late  years  the  people  have  grown  wise  in  the 


I 

>i 

Jj^ 

1 

1 

^^ 

m^ 

^ 

Wm^ 

n 

m 

f' 

1*^ 

mm 

^8 

I 

^m 

1m. 

f 

-#H 

^^M 

1 

I^P 

w 

% 

1 

^ 

Fig.  213 — Little  paper  candles. 

matter  of  fires,  and  many  parents  refuse  to  light  the  Christmas 
candles  on  their  children's  tree  because  of  the  great  danger  of 
conflagration. 

Fig.  213  shows  some  paper  candles  on  an  evergreen  branch, 
standing  upright  and  burning  briskly.  The  candles  may  be 
made  of  white  as  well  as  colored  paper.  Make  an  oblong,  K 
(Fig.  214),  four  inches  long  and  two  and  a  half  inches  wide, 
the  wick  one-quarter  of  an  inch  high,  and  the  back  of  the 
flame,  L,  three-quarters  of  an  inch  long.  From  orange- 
colored  tissue-paper  cut  the  flame  (Fig.  215).  This  should 
be  a  litde  over  a  half  an  inch  wide  at  the  base  and  two  inches 
long.     Lay  an  oblong  on  the  table  in  front  of  you;    take  a 


122 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


large-sized  pencil;  place  it  on  the  long  edge  farthest  away 
from  the  flame,  and  roll  it  on  the  pencil  (Fig.  216)  until  the 
opposite  edge  overlaps  the  roll.  Then  run  the  paste  brush 
along  the  edge  and  paste  it  down.     Your  candle  is  now  a 


Fig.  214 — Begin  the  candle  in  this 
way. 


Fig.  215— The 
flame  is  cut 
like  this. 


Fig.  216— Roll  it 
on  a  pencil. 


Fig.    217— The 
finished  candle. 


hollow  roll.  Slip  the  roll  off  the  pencil  and  cut  two  slim 
notches  opposite  to  each  other,  in  the  bottom  edge  (Fig.  217). 
Make  the  notches  on  some  of  the  candles  at  the  front  and 
back,  on  others  at  each  side.  This  is  so  that  the  flames  may 
always  face  outward,  though  the  branches  that  hold  the 
candles  may  turn  in  various  directions.     Lastly,  paste  the 


Christmas- Tree  Decorations  123 

flame  on  the  back  of  the  flame,  allowing  the  tip  to  flare  out  at 
one  side  as  though  stirred  by  a  current  of  air  (Fig.  217). 

In  placing  the  candles,  stand  them  up  astride  the  branches 
by  means  of  the  notches  at  the  bottom,  turning  the  right  side 
of  the  flame  always  toward  the  room.  The  tiniest  twigs  will 
hold  these  paper  candles  easily,  and  when  the  needles  of  the 
fir  interfere  with  their  adjustment,  pull  off  some  of  the  needles 
and  set  the  candles  astride  the  bare  places  on  the  branches. 

Finish  the  tree  by  throwing  over  it  a  web  of  long,  very 
narrow  strips  of  white  and  orange-colored  tissue-paper. 

The  narrower  the  strips  the  better  they  will  look. 

It  hardly  seems  necessary  to  off"er  a  word  of  caution,  but  it 
will  do  no  harm  to  say  that  the  flame  of  gas,  candle,  or  fire, 
should  not  come  near  this  paper-decked  tree,  though  it  is 
scarcely  more  inflammable  than  a  tree  trimmed  with  tinsel. 


CHAPTER  XV 

A   HOME-MADE   SANTA   CLAUS 

"Merry  Christmas!  Merry  Christmas!"  calls  out  Santa 
Claus  cheerily  as  the  guests  come  trooping  into  the  room. 

Laughing  and  joking,  his  eyes  twinkling  with  fun,  Santa 
Claus  names  each  person  as  he  hands  out  the  gifts  from  his 
fat  Christmas  bag  and  from  the  generous  pile  at  his  feet.  All 
this  merriment  happens  at  Christmastide  when  you  play  the 
part  of  good  "  Kris  Kringle"  in  your  own  home,  in  the  school- 
room, the  Sunday-school,  or  in  any  place  where  Christmas  is 
celebrated  and  where  children  are  gathered  to  enjoy  the 
festivities. 

Take  a  good  long  look  at  Santa  Claus,  as  shown  in  the 
picture  (Fig.  218) ;  then  turn  your  eyes  to  the  illustration  (Fig. 
219).  Can  you  believe  it  possible  that  the  two  photographs 
are  of  the  same  person  in  identically  the  same  pose?  Such 
is  truly  the  case.  The  second  gives  the  woman's  back,  while 
the  first  shows  her  face,  arms,  and  hands  transformed  into 
those  of  the  jolly  saint. 

You  can  see  at  a  glance  how  very  easy  it  will  be  for  you  to 
have  a  real,  live,  little  Santa  Claus  for  your  Christmas, 

Any  one — grandfather,  grandmother,  father,  mother,  big 
sister  or  brother,  or  you  yourself — can  assume  the  character 
of  this  live  litde  saint,  can  grow  suddenly  short  of  stature, 
jolly  and  fat,  be  arrayed  in  scarlet,  ermine-trimmed,  and 
crowned  with  a  red-peaked  hat,  all  in  less  time  than  it  takes 
to  tell  it;  and,  stranger  still,  the  transformation  may  be 
accomplished  in  a  very  comfortable  way,  without  even  the 
bother  of  changing  the  usual  attire. 

124 


A  Home-Made  Santa  Claus 


125 


It  is  essential  merely  to  paste  on  the  face  tufts  of  raw  cotton 
for  eyebrows,  mustache  and  goatee,  and  to  slip  over  each 
arm  an  extra  sleeve.  This  accomplished,  and  the  proper 
position  taken  behind  the  curtain,  lo,  "magic  change"! 
There  you  are  as  tine  a  litde  Santa  Claus  as  any  one  would 


Fig.  218 — Santa  Claus  as  the  spectators 
see   him. 


Fig.  219- 


-The  real  Santa  Claus  behind 
the  curtain. 


care  to  see,  and  your  best  friend  would  not  recognize  you,  so 
complete  is  the  change.  Disguise  your  voice  and  no  one  can 
find  you  out,  not  even  your  nearest  relative. 

When  the  gifts  have  been  distributed  and  you  are  ready 
to  go  out  among  the  excited  children  or  family  circle  again, 
step  from  the  curtain,  pull  off  the  extra  sleeves,  remove  the 
cotton  from  your  face,  and  in  a  moment's  time  you  will  again 
be  your  own  natural  self. 

When  preparing  this  entertainment  you  will  find  the  de- 
mand on  your  purse  very  slight,  the  principal  outlay  being 


126 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


for  the  curtain.  Purchase  moss-green  lining  cambric,  at 
four,  five,  or  six  cents  a  yard,  to  stretch  over  the  doorway  you 
intend  to  use.  Two  yards  and  a  quarter  cut  in  one  full 
breadth  and  one  half  breadth,  when  sewed  together  into  a 
curtain,  will  be  enough  for  an  ordinary  doorway.  Doorways 
vary  in  size,  howe\'er,  and  it  is  best  to  take  the  measurements 
of  yours  before  buying  the  material.  The  space  between 
the  folding  doors  will  probably  call  for  five  yards  of  cambric. 
When  the  strips  of  cloth  are  sewed  together,  stretch  the 


f   • 


Fig.  220— Holes  in  curtain      Fig.  221— Cap  and  body  of   Fic.  222— Pattern  Fig.  223— Santa 
for  face  and  arms.  coat  pinned  on  curtain.  for  sleeve-cap.  Claus's  paste 

board  boot 
top. 


curtain  taut  over  the  opening,  tacking  it  at  long  intervals  on 
the  topmost  level  of  the  wood-work  over  the  door  and  on  the 
extreme  edge  of  the  door  jamb  next  to  the  wall.  If  fastened 
in  this  manner,  tacks  will  not  injure  the  wood-work. 

Stand  on  the  floor  facing  the  centre  of  the  curtain  and  mark 
the  place  where  your  face  comes;  then  where  your  arms  will 
most  easily  pass  through  the  curtain.  Cut  holes  in  the  cloth, 
one  for  your  face  with  chin  entirely  through,  and  two  for 
your  arms  (Fig.  220).  Cut  the  holes  small;  they  can  be 
enlarged  if  necessary. 

Make  Santa  Claus's  cap  of  a  piece  of  scarlet  cambric 
twelve  inches  wide  and  seventeen  inches  long;  tie  one  end 


A  Home-Made  Santa  Claus  127 

with  a  string  into  a  tassel;  then  pin  the  cap  on  top  of  the 
face  opening  (Fig.  221),  and  cut  the  lower  edge  into  a  curve 
to  fit  the  hole  as  indicated  by  the  dotted  Hnes  in  Fig.  221. 
One  width  of  scarlet  cambric  twenty-six  inches  long,  used 
just  as  it  comes,  will  make  the  jacket. 

Draw  in  one  edge  of  the  coat  to  meet  the  inner  edge  of  the 
armhole  and  pin  it  there;  do  the  same  with  the  other  side, 
and  you  will  have  fulness  in  front  to  allow  for  padding. 
Bring  the  sides  around  the  armhole  outward  again  and  pin 
in  place;  then  fold  up -a  wide  hem  and  pin  the  sides  of  the 
jacket  to  the  curtain  and  fill  out  the  inside  of  the  jacket  with 
half  sheets  of  newspaper  lightly  crumpled  (Fig.  221). 

Pin  enough  paper  to  the  curtain  under  the  coat  to  give 
the  body  of  Santa  Claus  a  decidedly  rounded  appearance;  be 
sure  that  the  padding  is  securely  fastened  to  the  curtain. 
Then  pin  the  sleeve  caps,  cut  according  to  Fig.  222,  around 
the  outer  edge  of  the  armhole.  Pin  raw  white  cotton  around 
the  face  opening  to  form  the  hair  and  long,  full  beard.  Allow 
the  cotton  to  come  well  over  the  edge  of  the  hole,  that  it  may 
lie  naturally  on  Santa  Claus's  face. 

With  ink,  mark  the  fleecy  side  of  the  strips  of  white  canton 
flannel  to  resemble  white  ermine.  Notice  particularly  the 
shape  of  the  black  ermine  dots  and  have  yours  like  them. 
Pin  one  ermine  strip  down  the  front  of  the  red  jacket  and 
another  across  the  bottom  edge.  Make  two  long,  separate 
scarlet  sleeves,  unhemmed  at  top  and  bottom,  and  pin  a  band 
of  ermine  around  each  for  a  culY.  The  only  necessary  sewing 
for  the  entire  costume  is  the  seams  of  the  sleeves. 

Polish  up  a  pair  of  ordinary  old  shoes,  stuff  them  out  with 
newspapers,  and  use  them  for  Santa  Claus's  feet.  Roll  two 
pieces  of  cardboard,  or  pieces  of  limber  pasteboard  boxes,  into 
cylinders;  ink  or  blacken  them.  When  dry, cut  a  curve  in  one 
end  of  each,  like  Fig.  223,  and  fit  these  tops  over  the  stuffed 
shoes  to  make  them  into  boots.  Set  the  boots  on  a  bench  or 
a  low  table,  placed  across  in  front  of  Santa  Claus,  and  adjust 


Fig.  224 — Santa  Claus's  costume  ready  for  the  impersonator. 


A  Home-Made  Santa  Claus  129 

them  under  the  coat,  so  the  little  fellow  will  appear  to  be 
standing  on  the  bench  (Fig.  224).  Pin  Christmas  greens, 
either  natural  or  of  tissue-paper,  over  the  top  and  down  the 
sides  of  the  curtain,  and  you  will  have  a  unique,  very  effective, 
and  novel  arrangement  for  Christmas,  easy  to  make,  and 
costing  but  a  trifle.     Try  it. 


CHAPTER  XVI 

NATURE  STUDY  WITH   TISSUE-PAPER 

A  NATURAL  flower,  some  tissue-paper,  a  pair  of  scissors,  a 
spool  of  thread,  and  nimble  fingers  are  all  you  need. 

There  are  no  patterns,  only  ciicles  and  squares  and  strips 
of  paper  which  you  gather  here,  spread  out  there,  wrap 
and  tie  somewhere  else,  and,  with  deft  fingers,  model  into 
almost  exact  reproductions  of  the  natural  flower  before 
you. 

With  its  unfamiliar  terms  to  be  committed  to  memory  and 
the  many  parts  of  the  flower  to  be  distinguished,  botany  is 
apt  to  prove  dry  and  tiresome  to  the  little  child,  but  to  study 
nature  by  copying  the  flowers  in  this  marvellously  adaptable 
material  is  only  a  beautiful  game  which  every  child,  and 
indeed  many  grown  people,  will  delight  in.  The  form  of  the 
flower,  its  name  and  color,  may,  by  this  means,  be  indelibly 
stamped  upon  the  memory,  and  a  good  foundation  laid  for 
further  study. 

The  Best  Models 

Ordinary  garden  flowers  and  those  most  easily  procured 
make  the  best  models.  The  carnation,  the  morning-glory, 
and  the  rarer  blossoms  of  the  hibiscus  are  well  adapted 
to  the  work,  also  the  daffodil  and  some  of  the  wonderful 
orchids. 

Even  holly,  with  its  sharp-spiked  leaves  and  scarlet  berries, 
and  the  white-berried,  pale  green  mistletoe  may  be  closely 
copied.     All  these  and  many  more  are  made  on  the  same 

130 


Nature  Study  with  Tissue- Paper         131 

principle,  and  in  so  simple  a  manner  that  even  quite  a  little 
child  may  succeed  in  producing  very  good  copies  from  nature. 

Material 

Buy  a  sheet  of  light  pink  tissue-paper,  another  of  darker 
pink,  and  one  of  the  darkest  red  you  can  find;  then  a  sheet 
of  light  yellow-green  and  one  of  dark  green.  Have  a  table 
"cleared  for  the  action"  and  place  your  paper  on  the  right- 
hand  side,  adding  a 
pair  of  scissors  and  a 
spool  of  coarse  thread, 
or,  better  still,  of  soft 
darning  cotton. 

With   all   this   you 
are  to  copy  the 

Carnation 

which  some  one  has 
given  you  or  you 
have  growing  in  your 
own  garden.  Make 
one  of  your  light  pink 
paper,  one  of  the 
darker  pink,  and  an- 
other of  the  rich,  deep 
red  to  have  a  variety 
(Fig.  225). 

L,ay      your      natural    Fic.  225— Carnations  modelled  from  tissuc-paix-r. 

flower   down   on    the 

left-hand  side  of  the  table,  away  from  your  material,  but 
within  quite  easy  reach,  for  it  must  be  consulted  frequently. 
Seat  yourself  comfortably  and  don't  work  hurriedly. 

The  first  thing  necessary  in  this  system  of  squares  and 
circles  is  to  know 


132 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


How  to  Cut  a  Circle  Quickly 

easily,  and  accurately,  and  always  without  a  pattern.     Here 

is  a  method  which  never  fails: 

Cut   a  square   the  size  you  wish  to  make   your   circle. 

That  is,  if  you  want  a 
circle  with  a  diameter  of 
four  inches,  cut  a  four- 
inch  square  (Fig.  226). 
Fold  the  square  diago- 
nally through  the  centre 
according  to  the  dotted 
line  on  Fig.  226,  and  you 
have  a  triangle  (Fig.  227). 
Fold  this  at  the  dotted 
h"ne  and  it  will  make  an- 
other triangle  (Fig.  228). 
Again  fold  through  the 
middle  and  you  have 
the   third   triangle   (Fig. 

229).     Fold  once  more  and  Fig.  230  is  the  result.     Measure 

the    distance    from    the 

edge,   B,   to  the  centre, 

A,  in  Fig.  230,  and  mark 

the  same  distance  on  the 

other  side  of  the  triangle 

shown  by  the  dot,  C  (Fig. 

231).    With  your  scissors 

cut  across  from  C  to  B, 

curving  the  edge  slightly, 

as  shown  by  the  dotted 

line  from  C  to  B   (Fig. 

231).     Fig.    232    is    the 

circle   still   in   its   folds. 

Fig.    233    is    the    circle 

opened,  the  dotted  line  indicating  where  it  has  been  folded. 


Fio.  226 — Fold  the  square  diagonally  through 
the  centre. 


Fig.  227 — The  folded  square  makes  the  triangle. 


Fig.  228 — The  second  triangle. 


Fig.  229— The  third 
triangle. 


Fig.  230— The  fourth 
triangle. 


Fig.  231— Cut  along 
dotted  line. 


Fig.  232— The 
folded  circle. 


Fig.  233 — The  circle  opened. 


134  Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 

Your  eye  will  soon  become  sufficiently  accurate  to  enable 
you  to  gauge  the  distance  from  A  to  B,  and  you  can  then  cut 
from  C  to  B  without  measuring. 

Before  Beginning  Your  Flower 

take  up  the  natural  one  and  examine  it  carefully.  You  will 
notice  that  it  has  a  great  many  petals  crowded  closely  together, 
and  that  their  edges  are  pointed  like  a  saw.  You  will  also 
see  that  the  calyx  is  wrapped  snugly  around  the  lower  part 
of  the  flower,  and  that  it,  too,  has  a  pointed  edge. 

Now  hold  the  pink  off  at  arm's  length.  The  separateness 
of  the  petals  disappears  and  you  see  them  only  as  a  mass; 
the  points  on  the  edges  are  not  noticeable  except  as  they  give 
the  flower  a  crimped  appearance,  and  the  edge  of  the  calyx 
looks  almost  straight.  It  is  this  appearance  or  the  impression 
of  the  flower  that  you  are  to  produce  rather  than  its  many 
and  little  separate  parts.     So  now  set  to  work. 

Cut  Two  Squares  for  Each  Pink 

one  measuring  five  and  a  quarter  inches,  the  other  four  and 
three-quarters  inches,  and  turn  them  into  circles  (Fig.  233), 
by  the  method  just  explained.  Take  one  of  the  circles  at  the 
centre,  where  the  folding  lines  cross,  with  the  tips  of  the  fingers 
of  your  left  hand,  and  pinch  it  together;  then,  while  still 
holding  it,  crimp  the  edge  with  the  fingers  of  your  right  hand 
(Fig.  234) .  Do  this  always  with  every  kind  of  flower,  whether 
it  be  made  of  circles  or  squares.  Without  loosening  your 
hold  of  the  centre,  draw  the  paper  lightly  through  your  right 
hand  several  times,  then  crimp  the  edge  again,  this  time  with 
the  blade  of  the  scissors.  Treat  all  the  circles  alike,  then 
place  a  small  circle  inside  a  larger  one  and  draw  them  through 
your  hand  to  bring  them  close  together,  pinching  them  closely 
until  within  a  little  over  an  inch  of  the  edge  (Fig.  235).  Make 
a  slender  lighter  of  ordinary  writing-paper  (Fig.  236),  snip 


Nature  Study  with   T issue-Paper         135 


off  the  point  of  the  flower,  D,  in  Fig.  235,  open  the  other  end 
a  little,  and  push  the  lighter  through  until  its  head  is  hidden. 
This  forms  the  stem.     Wrap  and  tie  with  thread   at  the 


Fig.  234 — Crimp  the  edge  with 
your  fingers. 


Fig.  235 — Draw  these  through  your 
hand  to  bring  them  closely  to- 
gether. 


' 


^ 


Fig.  236--Make  the  stem  of 
a  paper  lighter. 


bottom  of  the  flower  (Fig.  237),  and  again  where  the  petals 
spread.  This  last  is  to  be  but  temporary,  as  you  will  remove 
the  thread  when  the  flower  is  sufficiently  pressed  together  to 
hold  its  shape. 

From  your  light  green  paper  cut  a  circle  measuring  three 


136 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


and  a  quarter  inches  through  its  diameter  and  cut  it  in  two 
to  make  the  half  circle  for  the  calyx  (Fig.  238).  Remove  the 
thread  that  holds  the  flower  just  below  its  petals  and  wrap  the 
calyx  closely  around  the  lower  part,  tying  it  at  the  bottom; 


/ 


Fig.  238— The  calyx 


Fig.  237 


-Tie  the  flower  to  the 
stem. 


Fig.  239 — Wrap  the  paper  spirally 
around  the  stem. 


then  cut  a  narrow  strip  of  dark  green  paper  and  wrap  it 
spirally  around  the  stem,  beginning  at  the  top  (Fig.  239). 
Let  the  wrapper  extend  a  little  below  the  lighter  and  twist 
the  end  to  hold  it  in  place.  Spread  the  petals  of  your  flower 
as  much  like  the  natural  blossom  as  possible. 


Nature  Study  with  Tissuc-Papcr         137 


Leaves 

For  the  leaves  cut  a  strip  of  dark  green  paper  six  inches 
long  and  three-quarters  of  an  inch  wide  (Fig.  240).  Find  the 
centre  by  folding  the  ])aper  end  to  end  and  making  the  crease 
shown  by  the  dotted  line  in  Fig.  240.     Gather  it  along  this 


Fig.  240— 
The  leaves. 


Fig.  241— Twist  each 
end  into  a  point. 


line,  not  with  needle  and  thread — we  use  no  needle  in  this 
work — but  with  your  fingers,  and  pinch  it  together;  then  twist 
each  end  into  a  point  (Fig.  241).  With  the  sharp  end  of  your 
scissors  punch  a  hole  directly  through  the  centre,  E  (Fig. 
241),  and  push  the  point  of  the  stem  through  the  hole,  bring- 
ing the  leaves  as  far  up  on  the  stem  as  you  find  them  on  the 
natural  flower;   then  WTap  and  tie  them  in  place. 


138 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Book 


The  Bud 

is  made  of  a  circle  of  dark  green  paper  the  diameter  of  which 
is  three  and  a  quarter  inches  (Fig.  242).  Gather  this  cir- 
cle between  your  fingers  as  you  did  the  others  and  crimp  the 
edge  with  the  scissors.  It  will  then  form  a  little  bag  or  cup 
like  Fig.  242.  Slip  the  bag  over  the  head  of  the  lighter  and 
tie  at  the  bottom,  as  in  Fig.  243.     If  the  bud  does  not  take 


Fig.  242 — Make  the  bud  of  a  circle. 


Fig.  243— Slip   the    bag  over 
the  head  of  the  lighter. 


the  proper  shape  at  first,  model  it  with  your  fingers  until  it  is 
correct.  Start  the  wrapping  of  the  stem  just  above  where  the 
bud  is  tied  and  finish  as  you  did  the  stem  of  the  pink.  Use 
small  leaves  on  the  bud  stem,  having  the  strip  of  paper  just  as 
wide,  but  considerably  shorter  than  for  the  leaves  on  the  stem 
of  the  open  flower. 

It  is  wonderful  how  very  natural  these  blossoms  appear.  At 
a  short  distance  no  one  would  think  they  are  not  the  real,  old 
and  familiar  pinks.  Only  the  fragrance  is  missing,  and  that 
may  also  be  supplied  and  a  spicy  odor  given  by  inclosing  a 
whole  clove  in  the  heart  of  each  flower. 


Nature  Study  with  T issue-Paper         139 


The  Moming-Glory 

From  the  pale  pink  paper  you  can  make  a  delicately  beau- 
tiful morning-glory  (Fig.  244).     Have  the  natural  flower  with 


Fig.  244 — Morning-glory  modelled  from  tissue- 
paper. 


its  stem  and  leaves  to  copy  from,  even  if  the  blossom  is  not 
the  color  you  want.  As  with  the  pink,  it  is  the  general  form 
and  appearance  we  strive  for  in  the  morning-glory,  not  the 
detail. 

Make  your  pink  circles  with  a  diameter  of  about  seven 
inches.  It  is  always  better  to  have  your  flowers  a  trifle 
larger  than  the  natural  ones,  rather  than  smaller. 


140 


Little  Folks'  Handy  Boole 


But  one  circle  is  required  for  each  morning-glory.  Crimp 
this  in  your  fingers  and  draw  through  your  hand  as  you  did  the 
circles  for  the  pinks;  then,  pinching  it  together  to  within  one 
and  a  half  inches  of  the  edge,  hold  it  in  your  left  hand  and 
flatten  out  the  top,  as  in  Fig.  245.     See  that  the  fulness  is 


Fig.  245— Flatten  out  the  top. 


evenly  distributed,  and  pull  and  straighten  out  the  edges  until 
you  are  satisfied  with  its  appearance. 

A  piece  of  bonnet-wire  makes  the  best  stem  if  you  wish  to 
give  the  true  viny  effect  of  the  growth.  If  it  is  only  the 
blossom  you  are  making,  a  paper  lighter  will  answer.  When 
you  use  the  wire,  bend  one  end  over  to  form  a  small  loop; 
this  is  to  keep  the  stem  from  slipping  through  the  flower. 
Pass  the  straight  end  of  the  wire  through  the  centre  of  the 
flower  and  draw  it  down  until  the  loop  is  hidden. 


Make 


Nature  Study  with  Tissue-Paper  141 


The  Calyx 


of  a  square  of  light  green  pai)er  measuring  about  four  and  a 
half  inches.     Fold  the  square  four  times  through  the  centre 


\ 


\ 


/ 


./ 


"J^J£'.'''\]T)che.'. 


/ 


\ 


Fig.  246 — Green  square  for  calyx. 


Fig.  247 — Hold  the  square  at  the  centre. 


to  form  the  creases  shown  by  the  dotted  lines  in  Fig,  246. 
Hold  the  square  at  the  centre  and  draw  the  edges  down  as  in 
Fig.  247;  then  bring  the  two  edges  together  in  gathers,  just 


Fig.  248— Form  a  leaf-shaped  point. 


Fig.  249 — Twist  each  corner  into  a  point. 


Nature  Study  with  Tissue-Paper  143 

below  one  of  the  corners,  to  form  a  leaf-shaped  point,  as  in 
Fig.  248.  Gather  below  each  corner,  tie  as  in  Fig.  249,  and 
twist  each  corner  into  a  sharp  point  like  F  (Fig.  249).    Draw 


Fig.  250 — Bring  the  points  together. 


the  calyx  through  your  hand,   bringing  the  points  together 
(Fig.  250).    Push  the  calyx  up  on  the  stem  and  tie  just  at  the 


Fig.  251 — Gather  along  one  of  the  creases. 


base  of  the  flower,  then  tie  again  about  three-quarters  of  an 
inch  below  and  wrap  the  remainder  of  the  calyx  close  to 
the  stem.  Wind  the  stem  with  light  green  tissue-paper  and 
bend  it  as  the  natural  one  is  bent  and  curved. 


144 


Little  Folk's  Handy  Book 


Make  several  buds  of  the  pink  paper,  following  the  direc- 
tions given  for  the  green  bud  of  the  pink;  then  twist  each 
bud  at  the  point  and  add  a  calyx. 

The  wilted  flower  shown  in  the  illustration  is  made  by 
taking  one  of  the  morning-glories  you  have  just  finished 
and  actually  wilting  it  by  drawing  the  flower  together  and 


Fig.  252 — The  moming-glorj'  leaves. 

creasing  and  pressing  it  to  resemble  the  partially  closed  and 
drooping  natural  blossom. 

Only  a  piece  of  dark  green  paper  six  inches  square  is 
required  to  model  two  almost  ])erfectly  shaped  morning-glory 
leaves. 

Fold  the  square  twice  diagonally  across  from  corner  to 
corner  to  find  its  centre;  then  begin  at  one  corner  and  gather 
along  one  of  the  creases  until  you  reach  the  centre  (Fig.  251). 
Start  again  at  the  opposite  corner,  gather  along  the  crease  to 
the  centre,  then  wrap  and  tie  (Fig.  252).  Pinch  each  leaf  from 
underneath  along  the  crease  in  the  middle,  to  give  the  depres- 
sion at  the  midrib.  Straighten  the  leaf  out  a  little  at  its 
widest  part  and  you  will  find  you  have  a  pair  of  leaves  which 
are  surprisingly  natural.  Wrap  and  tie  these  to  the  stem 
and  make  as  many  more  as  you  think  are  needed. 


^6911 


This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below 


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1929 


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DEC  1 1  1944 
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FEB  1  3   193T 
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APR  3     1951  i 

JUL  12  19511 

NOV  16  19511 
MOV  2  3  1951 1 
miAR  17  1952 

JUN  2  9  1954 

SEP  1  7  RECD 
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,^C  SOUTHERN  REGIOrjAL  LIBRARY  FACILITY 


AA    000  647  800    2 


